Rostfreier Stahl, austenitisch
317L Stainless Steel (S31703) Sheet & Plate
A lowcarbon, high molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with a higher nickel alloy content than 316L.
Alloy 317L (UNS S31703) is a low carbon corrosion resistant austenitic chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel. The high levels of these elements assure the alloy has superior chloride pitting and general corrosion resistance to the conventional 304/304L und 316/316L grades. The alloy provides improved resistance relative to 316L in strongly corrosive environments containing sulfurous media, chlorides, and other halides.
It can be used in applications where it is not possible to anneal after welding and where maximum corrosion resistance is required. It provides good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 1600 ° F and in continuous service to 1700 ° F.
This alloy combines excellent corrosion resistance with good mechanical properties, weldability, and formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical, petrochemical, and marine industries, as well as food processing and pharmaceutical equipment.
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317L Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| System / Standard | Land / Region | Besoldungsgruppe/Bezeichnung |
| AISI | USA | 317L |
| UNS | International | S31703 |
| DE / W.Nr. | Europa | 1.4438 |
| DE Name | Europa | X2CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| ASTM A240 | USA | 317L (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | USA | 317L (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | USA | TP317L (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | USA | TP317L (seamless pipe) |
| GB | China | 022Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| JIS | Japan | SUS317L |
| BS | UK | 317S12 |
| AFNOR | Frankreich | Z2CND19-15-04 |
Eigenschaften
Chemische Zusammensetzung
S31703 Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Chemisches Element | % Geschenk |
| Kohlenstoff (C) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Chrom (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Mangan (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Phosphor (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Schwefel (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Silizium (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Eisen (Fe) | Bilanz |
Mechanische Eigenschaften
Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Mechanische Eigenschaften | Wert |
| Nachweis von Stress | 205 Min MPa |
| Zugfestigkeit | 515 Min MPa |
| Dehnung A50 mm | 40 Min % |
Applications of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel mit ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit, particularly in aggressive chemical and chloride-containing environments. Its combination of durability, weldability, and resistance to chemical attack makes it suitable for a wide range of applications.
1. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, fittings, and pumps in chemical processes
2. Marine and Seawater Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks and piping for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial and Mechanical Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in corrosive environments
Structural components in aggressive atmospheres
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its low-carbon content ensures excellent weldability, making it ideal for fabricated components and complex assemblies.
Characteristics of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel konzipiert für superior corrosion resistance and excellent performance in aggressive environments. It is widely used in industries requiring durability, chemical resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack, particularly in chloride or acidic environments.
Performs better than 316L in oxidizing and aggressive chemical media.
2. Austenitic Structure
Provides excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains good mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Low Carbon Content
Minimizes the risk of Sensibilisierung during welding.
Ensures resistance to interkristalline Korrosion even after heat exposure.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Ausgezeichnet weldability using standard methods such as TIG, MIG, and SMAW.
Can be easily formed into sheets, pipes, or complex components.
5. Mechanical Properties
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Unterhält structural integrity under both static and dynamic loads.
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, excellent weldability, good formability, and reliable mechanical properties. Seine low carbon and high molybdenum content make it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, especially where resistance to chlorides and acids is critical.
Zusätzliche Informationen
Fabrikation
Fabrication of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using standard industrial techniques including forming, welding, and machining.
1. Bildung von
Kaltbearbeitung:
317L exhibits good ductility, making it suitable for bending, deep drawing, rolling, and stamping.
Work hardening occurs, so intermediate annealing may be required for extensive forming.
Heißes Arbeiten:
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening and improve ductility.
Typical hot working range: 1150-900°C (2100-1650°F).
2. Schweißen
Excellent weldability using TIG, MIG, SMAW, and FCAW methods.
Low carbon content minimizes Sensibilisierung and reduces risk of interkristalline Korrosion.
Filler metals such as ER317L or ER316L are commonly used to ensure corrosion resistance in welded joints.
3. Bearbeitung
Moderate machinability due to the austenitic structure.
Work hardens easily; sharp tools and rigid setups are recommended.
Carbide tools and proper cutting fluids improve tool life and surface finish.
4. Behandlungen nach der Fertigstellung
Glühen: Restores ductility and relieves stresses after heavy cold working.
Pickling and Passivation: Recommended to remove scale and restore optimal corrosion resistance after welding or hot forming.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Fabrikation
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components and seawater piping
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel is highly fabricable, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its low carbon content ensures excellent weldability and corrosion resistance, making it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Schweißeignung
Weldability of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel mit excellent weldability, making it suitable for fabricating corrosion-resistant components in aggressive environments.
1. Allgemeine Schweißeignung
Can be welded using all standard fusion welding techniques:
WIG (GTAW)
MIG (GMAW)
SMAW (Metall-Schutzgasschweißen)
FCAW (Lichtbogenschweißen mit Füllung)
Welds maintain good toughness, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength.
2. Low Carbon Advantage
The low carbon content minimizes Sensibilisierung, preventing interkristalline Korrosion in welded zones.
Unlike higher carbon stainless steels, 317L does not require special post-weld heat treatment for corrosion resistance in most applications.
3. Filler Metal Recommendations
Suitable filler metals include:
ER317L (matching high-molybdenum, low-carbon composition)
ER316L (for less aggressive environments)
Filler selection ensures consistent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties in the weld.
4. Heat Input and Preparation
Moderate heat input is recommended to avoid excessive grain growth.
Clean joint surfaces free of oil, grease, or oxide scale ensure better weld quality.
Preheating is typically not required.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Post-weld annealing is generally unnecessary unless the component is heavily stressed or exposed to very aggressive environments.
Beizen oder Passivieren is recommended to restore the chromium oxide layer after welding.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Chemical and petrochemical equipment
Marine piping and structural components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel exhibits excellent weldability due to its low carbon content and austenitic structure. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce strong, corrosion-resistant joints, making 317L ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Bearbeitbarkeit
Machinability of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel. It offers mäßige Bearbeitbarkeit, similar to other austenitic stainless steels, but certain characteristics require careful attention during machining.
1. Arbeitsverhärtung
317L has a high tendency to work harden, especially during light cuts or repeated passes.
To reduce work hardening:
Verwenden Sie sharp, rigid tooling
Avoid shallow or interrupted cuts
einstellen. adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Empfehlungen für die Werkzeugausstattung
Hartmetall-Werkzeuge are preferred for efficient cutting and long tool life.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used for lower-speed operations.
Rigid fixturing minimizes vibration and improves surface finish.
3. Schnittbedingungen
Verwenden Sie moderate to low cutting speeds to avoid heat buildup.
Maintain adequate feed and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow improves tool life and chip evacuation.
4. Chip-Bildung
Erzeugt lange, dehnbare Späne due to its austenitic structure.
Use chip breakers or controlled cutting techniques to manage chips effectively.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and lubrication.
Avoid overheating, which can degrade the surface layer and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Precision components in chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners in aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and industrial machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel exhibits mäßige Bearbeitbarkeit with a high work-hardening tendency. Proper tooling, cutting speeds, and coolant use are essential for effective machining. Its machinability combined with ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit macht es geeignet für chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Korrosionsbeständigkeit
Corrosion Resistance of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel that provides ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit in aggressive environments, particularly where chlorides or oxidizing acids are present. Its corrosion resistance is superior to that of 316L due to the higher molybdenum content.
1. Allgemeine Korrosionsbeständigkeit
Widersteht oxidation und general atmospheric corrosion.
Gut geeignet für moderate chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Suitable for outdoor applications and industrial environments.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.
Particularly effective in chloride-containing environments, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316L in marine and chemical processing applications.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes Sensibilisierung during welding.
Maintains resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in geschweißten Bauteilen.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Gut geeignet für oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Excellent choice for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping handling aggressive fluids.
5. Limitations
Like other austenitic stainless steels, 317L can be susceptible to:
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions
Localized attack in highly acidic or strongly reducing environments
6. Applications Related to Corrosion Resistance
Chemical and petrochemical equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, with superior performance in chloride-rich and oxidizing environments due to its high molybdenum content and low carbon. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability macht es ideal für chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Kaltbearbeitung
Cold Working of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel that exhibits good ductility and formability, making it suitable for a variety of cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through Kaltverfestigung while retaining corrosion resistance.
1. Gemeinsame Kaltverarbeitungsprozesse
Biegen und Umformen: Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Rollend: Suitable for sheets, strips, and coils.
Deep Drawing: Can produce containers, trays, and intricate components.
Stamping and Punching: Used in chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Arbeitsverhärtung
317L Arbeit härtet schnell, und erhöht die Zugfestigkeit und die Streckgrenze während der Verformung.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Zwischenglühen is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Erwägungen zur Fabrikation
Verwenden Sie allmähliche Verformung um Risse oder eine Überbeanspruchung des Materials zu vermeiden.
Proper tooling, lubrication, and support are essential for maintaining surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Kaltverformte Komponenten erfordern möglicherweise Stressabbau for critical applications.
4. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Kaltumformung
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel exhibits excellent cold working characteristics, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining corrosion resistance, making 317L ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Wärmebehandlung
Heat Treatment of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel. Its strength is primarily derived from its austenitic structure and work hardening, so it is not hardenable by conventional heat treatment methods. Heat treatment is mainly used for annealing, stress relief, and restoring ductility after cold working or welding.
1. Annealing
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and improve corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Typical temperature: 1040–1120°C (1900–2050°F).
Cooling method: Rapid cooling, typically in air or water, to maintain corrosion resistance.
2. Stressabbau
Applied to reduce internal stresses from forming, welding, or machining.
Temperaturbereich: 450–650°C (840–1200°F).
Ensures dimensional stability and reduces risk of distortion or cracking.
3. Auswirkungen der Wärmebehandlung
Restores ductility and toughness in heavily cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
Hat die Festigkeit nicht wesentlich erhöhen, as 317L is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Post-Treatment Surface Finishing
Pickling or passivation may be applied after heat treatment to remove oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer for optimal corrosion resistance.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Wärmebehandlung
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers and reactors requiring dimensional stability
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to high temperatures
Zusammenfassung
Heat treatment of 317L stainless steel is used primarily for annealing and stress relief, Beibehaltung ductility, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability. It ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, especially after fabrication or welding.
Hitzebeständigkeit
Heat Resistance of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its chemical composition allows it to maintain corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity in moderately high-temperature applications.
1. Kontinuierliche Betriebstemperatur
Suitable for continuous service up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) in oxidizing atmospheres.
Maintains mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Intermittierende Exposition
Kann widerstehen short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) without significant scaling or oxidation.
Geeignet für Komponenten, die folgenden Bedingungen ausgesetzt sind Temperaturwechselbeanspruchung oder schwankende hohe Temperaturen.
3. Oxidation Resistance
Bildet einen stabilen Chromoxidschicht that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack during high-temperature exposure.
4. Beschränkungen
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
May be susceptible to crevice or stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Hitzebeständigkeit
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
Hochtemperatur-Rohrleitungen und -Tanks
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel provides good heat resistance for continuous service up to 870°C und intermittierende Exposition bis zu 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability macht es geeignet für chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Heißarbeit
Hot Working of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel ist eine low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with good hot workability. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical integrity.
1. Hot Working Temperature
Recommended hot working range: 1150-900°C (2100-1650°F).
Proper temperature control prevents Kornwachstum and preserves corrosion resistance and strength.
2. Warmarbeitsprozesse
Warmwalzen: Produziert Bleche, Platten und Streifen mit gleichmäßiger Dicke.
Schmieden: Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Strangpressen: Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Hot Pressing and Forming: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Vorteile der Warmumformung
Reduziert Kaltverfestigung im Vergleich zur Kaltbearbeitung.
Verbessert Duktilität und Zähigkeit in the finished component.
Facilitates the production of large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Behandlungen nach der Warmarbeit
Glühen may be applied to restore uniform mechanical properties and relieve residual stresses.
Beizen oder Passivieren verbessert die Oberflächenkorrosionsbeständigkeit nach der Warmumformung.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Warmarbeit
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Zusammenfassung
317L stainless steel exhibits hervorragende Heißverarbeitungseigenschaften, allowing rolling, forging, extrusion, and complex forming at 1150-900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
