{"id":3194,"date":"2025-11-23T17:54:04","date_gmt":"2025-11-23T09:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/?p=3194"},"modified":"2025-12-17T11:20:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T03:20:39","slug":"3s144-s144-bar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/metals\/stainless-steel\/aerospace-stainless-steel-alloys\/3s144-s144-bar\/","title":{"rendered":"3S144 (S144) Bar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3194\" class=\"elementor elementor-3194\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ed300 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"97ed300\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b47c20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b47c20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stainless Steel, Precipitation Hardening\n\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11bb73f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11bb73f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3S144 (S144) Bar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2916ca8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2916ca8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aerospace-grade precipitation hardening stainless steel.\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0f04d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0f04d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/aerospace-stainless-steel-alloys\/3s144-s144-bar\/\">S144<\/a> is a British aerospace grade, precipitation hardenable stainless steel. It is widely used in the aerospace industry benefiting from a combination of strength and moderate corrosion resistance.<\/p><p>The alloy has an identical chemical composition when compared to <a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/aerospace-stainless-steel-alloys\/2s143d-s143-bar\/\">S143<\/a> but a higher tensile strength is achieved as a result of heat treatment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b61872d e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b61872d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62ae264 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"62ae264\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">TALK TO AN EXPERT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee242c7 elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"ee242c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-file-pdf\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M369.9 97.9L286 14C277 5 264.8-.1 252.1-.1H48C21.5 0 0 21.5 0 48v416c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h288c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V131.9c0-12.7-5.1-25-14.1-34zM332.1 128H256V51.9l76.1 76.1zM48 464V48h160v104c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h104v288H48zm250.2-143.7c-12.2-12-47-8.7-64.4-6.5-17.2-10.5-28.7-25-36.8-46.3 3.9-16.1 10.1-40.6 5.4-56-4.2-26.2-37.8-23.6-42.6-5.9-4.4 16.1-.4 38.5 7 67.1-10 23.9-24.9 56-35.4 74.4-20 10.3-47 26.2-51 46.2-3.3 15.8 26 55.2 76.1-31.2 22.4-7.4 46.8-16.5 68.4-20.1 18.9 10.2 41 17 55.8 17 25.5 0 28-28.2 17.5-38.7zm-198.1 77.8c5.1-13.7 24.5-29.5 30.4-35-19 30.3-30.4 35.7-30.4 35zm81.6-190.6c7.4 0 6.7 32.1 1.8 40.8-4.4-13.9-4.3-40.8-1.8-40.8zm-24.4 136.6c9.7-16.9 18-37 24.7-54.7 8.3 15.1 18.9 27.2 30.1 35.5-20.8 4.3-38.9 13.1-54.8 19.2zm131.6-5s-5 6-37.3-7.8c35.1-2.6 40.9 5.4 37.3 7.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDOWNLOAD PDF\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-756571f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"756571f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7416dfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7416dfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Range\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a684e54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a684e54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\"><strong> PLEASE NOTE<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>To enquire about our range or your specific requirements, please contact your\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/contact\/\">local service centre<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5655f70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5655f70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3S144 Stainless Steel Related Specifications\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b82007 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"2b82007\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-176\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"3\"\n           data-rows=\"7\"\n           data-wpID=\"176\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF0000 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        System \/ Standard                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF0000 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Country \/ Region                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF0000 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Grade \/ Designation                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        BS Aerospace S100                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        UK                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3S144 (S144 bar)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        EN \/ W.Nr.                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Europe                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.4594                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        EN Name                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Europe                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        X5CrNiMoCuNb14-5                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        UNS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        International                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        S45000                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Trade name                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        International                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        FV520B                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        GB                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        China                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-176'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none 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table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2aa5dc1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2aa5dc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ad7b74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ad7b74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Properties\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c6db09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"2c6db09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4650\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4650\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Chemical Composition <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4650\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aafacb9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aafacb9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4038ad8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"4038ad8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-141\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"11\"\n           data-wpID=\"141\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Chemical Element                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        % Present                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Carbon (C)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.08                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Chromium (Cr)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        13.20 - 14.70                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Nickel (Ni)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        5.00 - 5.80                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Manganese (Mn)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 1.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Phosphorous (P)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.04                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sulphur (S)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.03                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Silicon (Si)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.60                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Niobium (Columbium) (Nb)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.10 - 0.40                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Molybdenum (Mo)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.20 - 2.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Copper (Cu)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.20 - 2.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-141'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4651\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4651\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Mechanical Properties <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4651\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-668f751 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"668f751\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4c5a30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"a4c5a30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-142\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"5\"\n           data-wpID=\"142\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Mechanical Property                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Value                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Tensile Strength                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1130-1330 MPa                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Elongation A50 mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        12 %                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Hardness Brinell                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        341 HB                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Tensile Strength                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1030 N\/mm2                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-142'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a23469 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3a23469\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-840c6dc e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"840c6dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c970f6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0c970f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bb5020 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8bb5020\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"50\"><strong>Applications of S144 \/ 3S144 Stainless Steel Bar<\/strong><\/h2><hr data-start=\"52\" data-end=\"55\" \/><h3 data-start=\"57\" data-end=\"110\">1. <strong>Aerospace Structural and Rotating Components<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"112\" data-end=\"315\">S144 \/ 3S144 bar is primarily used in <strong data-start=\"150\" data-end=\"175\">aerospace and defence<\/strong> hardware where very high strength and reliable toughness are required together with moderate corrosion resistance. Typical parts include:<\/p><ul data-start=\"317\" data-end=\"603\"><li data-start=\"317\" data-end=\"360\"><p data-start=\"319\" data-end=\"360\">Highly stressed <strong data-start=\"335\" data-end=\"358\">shafts and spindles<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"361\" data-end=\"414\"><p data-start=\"363\" data-end=\"414\"><strong data-start=\"363\" data-end=\"387\">Actuation components<\/strong> and control system parts<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"415\" data-end=\"493\"><p data-start=\"417\" data-end=\"493\"><strong data-start=\"417\" data-end=\"453\">Pins, levers and clevis fittings<\/strong> in flight control and landing systems<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"494\" data-end=\"603\"><p data-start=\"496\" data-end=\"603\">Other <strong data-start=\"502\" data-end=\"538\">safety-critical structural items<\/strong> in airframes and engines\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"605\" data-end=\"608\" \/><h3 data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"675\">2. High-Performance Mechanical and Power-Transmission Parts<\/h3><p data-start=\"677\" data-end=\"853\">Thanks to its combination of high tensile strength, wear resistance and fatigue performance, 3S144 is widely used for <strong data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"841\">power-transmission and rotating components<\/strong>, such as:<\/p><ul data-start=\"855\" data-end=\"1129\"><li data-start=\"855\" data-end=\"911\"><p data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"911\"><strong data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"909\">Pump and compressor shafts, impellers and rotors<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"912\" data-end=\"947\"><p data-start=\"914\" data-end=\"947\"><strong data-start=\"914\" data-end=\"945\">Couplings, hubs and flanges<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"948\" data-end=\"1017\"><p data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"1017\"><strong data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"979\">Precision gears and rings<\/strong> operating under high contact stress<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1018\" data-end=\"1129\"><p data-start=\"1020\" data-end=\"1129\">Components in <strong data-start=\"1034\" data-end=\"1089\">gas turbines, compressors and auxiliary power units<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1131\" data-end=\"1134\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1177\">3. Precision Fasteners and Fittings<\/h3><p data-start=\"1179\" data-end=\"1330\">The alloy\u2019s high strength and good galling resistance make it suitable for <strong data-start=\"1254\" data-end=\"1290\">precision fasteners and fittings<\/strong> in demanding environments, including:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1544\"><li data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1377\"><p data-start=\"1334\" data-end=\"1377\">High-strength <strong data-start=\"1348\" data-end=\"1375\">bolts, screws and studs<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1419\"><p data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1419\"><strong data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1417\">Bushes, sleeves and bearing races<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1420\" data-end=\"1544\"><p data-start=\"1422\" data-end=\"1544\"><strong data-start=\"1422\" data-end=\"1444\">Hydraulic fittings<\/strong> and connector hardware in aerospace and high-tech machinery\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1546\" data-end=\"1549\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1600\">4. Corrosion-Resistant High-Load Components<\/h3><p data-start=\"1602\" data-end=\"1713\">In mildly corrosive or marine-influenced environments where loads are high, S144 \/ 3S144 bar is selected for:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1715\" data-end=\"2014\"><li data-start=\"1715\" data-end=\"1758\"><p data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1758\"><strong data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1737\">Valve components<\/strong> and actuator parts<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1759\" data-end=\"1850\"><p data-start=\"1761\" data-end=\"1850\"><strong data-start=\"1761\" data-end=\"1804\">Marine and offshore mechanical hardware<\/strong> exposed to splash and atmospheric corrosion<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1851\" data-end=\"2014\"><p data-start=\"1853\" data-end=\"2014\"><strong data-start=\"1853\" data-end=\"1882\">General engineering parts<\/strong> requiring a combination of stainless corrosion resistance and very high mechanical strength\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2016\" data-end=\"2019\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2021\" data-end=\"2068\">5. Defence and High-Integrity Engineering<\/h3><p data-start=\"2070\" data-end=\"2213\">As a British aerospace grade specified in BS S100, S144 \/ 3S144 is also widely used in <strong data-start=\"2157\" data-end=\"2199\">defence and high-integrity engineering<\/strong>, including:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2215\" data-end=\"2495\"><li data-start=\"2215\" data-end=\"2278\"><p data-start=\"2217\" data-end=\"2278\">Critical <strong data-start=\"2226\" data-end=\"2254\">weapon system components<\/strong> and guidance hardware<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2279\" data-end=\"2344\"><p data-start=\"2281\" data-end=\"2344\">High-reliability parts in <strong data-start=\"2307\" data-end=\"2342\">military vehicles and equipment<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2345\" data-end=\"2495\"><p data-start=\"2347\" data-end=\"2495\">Other <strong data-start=\"2353\" data-end=\"2384\">mission-critical mechanisms<\/strong> where consistent properties and traceable heat treatment are mandatory\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2500\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2502\" data-end=\"2528\">One-Sentence Summary<\/h3><p data-start=\"2530\" data-end=\"2841\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">S144 \/ 3S144 stainless steel bar is used mainly for highly loaded aerospace, defence and high-performance mechanical components\u2014such as shafts, rotors, fasteners, actuators and precision fittings\u2014where very high strength, excellent wear and galling resistance, and dependable corrosion performance are required.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-240cc54 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"240cc54\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f68f677 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f68f677\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b621023 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b621023\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"117\" data-end=\"175\"><strong data-start=\"119\" data-end=\"175\">Characteristics of 2S143D \/ S143 Stainless Steel Bar<\/strong><\/h2><h2 data-start=\"177\" data-end=\"240\"><strong data-start=\"180\" data-end=\"238\">1. Precipitation-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"241\" data-end=\"395\">2S143D \/ S143 is a <strong data-start=\"260\" data-end=\"323\">Cu + Nb precipitation-hardening martensitic stainless steel<\/strong>, designed to achieve high mechanical strength through controlled aging.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"397\" data-end=\"444\"><strong data-start=\"400\" data-end=\"442\">2. High Strength After Aging Treatment<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"445\" data-end=\"513\">After solution treatment and double-stage aging, the alloy provides:<\/p><ul data-start=\"515\" data-end=\"677\"><li data-start=\"515\" data-end=\"570\"><p data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"570\"><strong data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"543\">High tensile strength:<\/strong> approx. <strong data-start=\"552\" data-end=\"568\">930\u20131180 MPa<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"571\" data-end=\"618\"><p data-start=\"573\" data-end=\"618\"><strong data-start=\"573\" data-end=\"597\">High yield strength:<\/strong> around <strong data-start=\"605\" data-end=\"616\">780 MPa<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"619\" data-end=\"677\"><p data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"677\"><strong data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"677\">High hardness with excellent load-bearing capability<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"679\" data-end=\"730\">Suitable for highly stressed structural components.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"732\" data-end=\"769\"><strong data-start=\"735\" data-end=\"767\">3. Good Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"770\" data-end=\"974\">Corrosion resistance is <strong data-start=\"794\" data-end=\"857\">better than conventional martensitic grades (e.g., 420\/440)<\/strong> and adequate for aerospace and mechanical applications, though slightly below that of Cr-rich PH grades like 17-4PH.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"976\" data-end=\"1025\"><strong data-start=\"979\" data-end=\"1023\">4. Excellent Galling and Wear Resistance<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1078\">Owing to its alloying with Mo and Cu, S143 exhibits:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1080\" data-end=\"1234\"><li data-start=\"1080\" data-end=\"1124\"><p data-start=\"1082\" data-end=\"1124\"><strong data-start=\"1082\" data-end=\"1122\">Outstanding anti-galling performance<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1125\" data-end=\"1179\"><p data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1179\"><strong data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1177\">Good resistance to wear and fretting corrosion<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1180\" data-end=\"1234\"><p data-start=\"1182\" data-end=\"1234\"><strong data-start=\"1182\" data-end=\"1234\">Stable surface performance under sliding contact<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"1236\" data-end=\"1294\">Ideal for components with repeated mechanical interaction.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"1296\" data-end=\"1358\"><strong data-start=\"1299\" data-end=\"1356\">5. Stable Mechanical Properties &amp; Fatigue Performance<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1376\">The alloy offers:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1502\"><li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1415\"><p data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1415\">Stable microstructure after aging<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1416\" data-end=\"1451\"><p data-start=\"1418\" data-end=\"1451\">Balanced toughness and strength<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1452\" data-end=\"1502\"><p data-start=\"1454\" data-end=\"1502\">Reliable fatigue resistance under cyclic loading<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"1504\" data-end=\"1559\">Frequently selected for high-integrity aerospace parts.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"1561\" data-end=\"1624\"><strong data-start=\"1564\" data-end=\"1622\">6. Good Machinability in Bright Bar Condition (2S143D)<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1686\">The suffix <strong data-start=\"1636\" data-end=\"1643\">\u201cD\u201d<\/strong> indicates <strong data-start=\"1654\" data-end=\"1674\">Bright Drawn Bar<\/strong>, providing:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1688\" data-end=\"1843\"><li data-start=\"1688\" data-end=\"1717\"><p data-start=\"1690\" data-end=\"1717\">High dimensional accuracy<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1718\" data-end=\"1743\"><p data-start=\"1720\" data-end=\"1743\">Smooth surface finish<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1795\"><p data-start=\"1746\" data-end=\"1795\">Good machinability for precision CNC operations<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1796\" data-end=\"1843\"><p data-start=\"1798\" data-end=\"1843\">Suitable for tight-tolerance mechanical parts<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"1884\"><strong data-start=\"1848\" data-end=\"1882\">7. Fully Magnetizable Material<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"1885\" data-end=\"2021\">As a martensitic PH stainless steel, S143 is <strong data-start=\"1930\" data-end=\"1942\">magnetic<\/strong>, which may be relevant for applications involving sensors or magnetic systems.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"2023\" data-end=\"2062\"><strong data-start=\"2026\" data-end=\"2060\">8. Aerospace-Grade Reliability<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"2063\" data-end=\"2125\">S143 was developed for aerospace and defense use and provides:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2222\"><li data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2147\"><p data-start=\"2129\" data-end=\"2147\">High reliability<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2148\" data-end=\"2173\"><p data-start=\"2150\" data-end=\"2173\">Consistent properties<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2174\" data-end=\"2222\"><p data-start=\"2176\" data-end=\"2222\">Proven performance in critical flight hardware<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2224\" data-end=\"2227\" \/><article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto [content-visibility:auto] supports-[content-visibility:auto]:[contain-intrinsic-size:auto_100lvh] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-turn-id=\"658ade98-3280-42c0-8d21-de16b665656c\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-8\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] thread-sm:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] thread-lg:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] thread-lg:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"250ca279-3d2c-48c2-a28a-f22020211b3b\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-1-thinking\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[1px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark markdown-new-styling\"><p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"53\">Characteristics of 3S144 \/ S144 Stainless Steel Bar<\/p><hr data-start=\"55\" data-end=\"58\" \/><h3 data-start=\"60\" data-end=\"120\">1. Precipitation-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel<\/h3><p data-start=\"122\" data-end=\"427\">3S144 \/ S144 is a Cu + Nb precipitation-hardening martensitic stainless steel bar grade, developed within the BS S100 aerospace series to deliver very high strength through controlled solution treatment and ageing. It has the same basic chemistry as S143, but is heat treated to a higher strength level.<\/p><hr data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"432\" \/><h3 data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"483\">2. Very High Strength After Aging Treatment<\/h3><p data-start=\"485\" data-end=\"559\">After solution treatment and low-temperature ageing, the alloy provides:<\/p><ul data-start=\"561\" data-end=\"749\"><li data-start=\"561\" data-end=\"630\"><p data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"630\"><strong data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"594\">Very high tensile strength:<\/strong> typically about <strong data-start=\"611\" data-end=\"628\">1130\u20131330 MPa<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"631\" data-end=\"697\"><p data-start=\"633\" data-end=\"697\"><strong data-start=\"633\" data-end=\"657\">High yield strength:<\/strong> typically <strong data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"695\">\u2265 1030 MPa (0.2% proof)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"749\"><p data-start=\"700\" data-end=\"749\"><strong data-start=\"700\" data-end=\"718\">High hardness:<\/strong> approximately <strong data-start=\"733\" data-end=\"747\">352\u2013401 HB<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"751\" data-end=\"929\">This strength level, combined with good toughness, makes 3S144 suitable for <strong data-start=\"827\" data-end=\"881\">highly stressed structural and rotating components<\/strong> in aerospace and advanced mechanical systems.<\/p><hr data-start=\"931\" data-end=\"934\" \/><h3 data-start=\"936\" data-end=\"970\">3. Good Corrosion Resistance<\/h3><p data-start=\"972\" data-end=\"1011\">The corrosion resistance of 3S144 is:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1013\" data-end=\"1375\"><li data-start=\"1013\" data-end=\"1128\"><p data-start=\"1015\" data-end=\"1128\"><strong data-start=\"1015\" data-end=\"1058\">Better than standard martensitic grades<\/strong> such as 420 \/ 440 in most industrial and mildly marine environments<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1129\" data-end=\"1226\"><p data-start=\"1131\" data-end=\"1226\"><strong data-start=\"1131\" data-end=\"1193\">Comparable to or slightly below austenitic grades like 304<\/strong> in many atmospheric conditions<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1227\" data-end=\"1375\"><p data-start=\"1229\" data-end=\"1375\">Adequate for long-term use in aerospace, marine, and general engineering applications where high strength plus corrosion resistance are required<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"1377\" data-end=\"1561\">However, its corrosion resistance is <strong data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1489\">somewhat lower than that of higher Cr PH grades (e.g., 17-4PH \/ SUS630)<\/strong> and it is not intended for the most aggressive chloride environments.<\/p><hr data-start=\"1563\" data-end=\"1566\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1568\" data-end=\"1614\">4. Excellent Galling and Wear Resistance<\/h3><p data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1733\">Due to alloying additions of Mo, Cu and Nb and its hardened martensitic + precipitate microstructure, 3S144 offers:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1902\"><li data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1779\"><p data-start=\"1737\" data-end=\"1779\">Outstanding <strong data-start=\"1749\" data-end=\"1765\">anti-galling<\/strong> performance<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1780\" data-end=\"1836\"><p data-start=\"1782\" data-end=\"1836\">Very good <strong data-start=\"1792\" data-end=\"1834\">wear and fretting corrosion resistance<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1837\" data-end=\"1902\"><p data-start=\"1839\" data-end=\"1902\">Stable surface behaviour under sliding or oscillating contact<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"1904\" data-end=\"2050\">These features make it ideal for <strong data-start=\"1937\" data-end=\"2004\">shafts, bearings, fasteners, couplings and actuation components<\/strong> subject to repeated mechanical interaction.<\/p><hr data-start=\"2052\" data-end=\"2055\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2057\" data-end=\"2116\">5. Stable Mechanical Properties &amp; Fatigue Performance<\/h3><p data-start=\"2118\" data-end=\"2139\">The alloy exhibits:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2141\" data-end=\"2346\"><li data-start=\"2141\" data-end=\"2214\"><p data-start=\"2143\" data-end=\"2214\">A <strong data-start=\"2145\" data-end=\"2199\">stable, fine precipitation-hardened microstructure<\/strong> after ageing<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2215\" data-end=\"2288\"><p data-start=\"2217\" data-end=\"2288\">A well-balanced combination of <strong data-start=\"2248\" data-end=\"2286\">high strength and useful toughness<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2289\" data-end=\"2346\"><p data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2346\"><strong data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2323\">Reliable fatigue performance<\/strong> under cyclic loading<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"2348\" data-end=\"2480\">As a result, 3S144 is widely selected for <strong data-start=\"2390\" data-end=\"2439\">high-integrity aerospace and defence hardware<\/strong>, including safety-critical components.<\/p><hr data-start=\"2482\" data-end=\"2485\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2487\" data-end=\"2527\">6. Bar Condition and Machinability<\/h3><p data-start=\"2529\" data-end=\"2620\">3S144 is typically supplied as <strong data-start=\"2560\" data-end=\"2603\">bright drawn or ground bar and forgings<\/strong> for machining:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2928\"><li data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2672\"><p data-start=\"2624\" data-end=\"2672\">Good <strong data-start=\"2629\" data-end=\"2670\">dimensional accuracy and straightness<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2757\"><p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2757\"><strong data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2700\">Smooth surface finish<\/strong> suitable for precision turning, grinding and polishing<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2758\" data-end=\"2928\"><p data-start=\"2760\" data-end=\"2928\">Reasonable machinability for CNC operations, though generally <strong data-start=\"2822\" data-end=\"2874\">more difficult to machine than austenitic grades<\/strong> such as 304 due to its higher hardness and strength<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"2930\" data-end=\"3099\">It is well suited to <strong data-start=\"2951\" data-end=\"2987\">tight-tolerance mechanical parts<\/strong> that are finish-machined after heat treatment or supplied in a machinable condition followed by final ageing.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3101\" data-end=\"3104\" \/><h3 data-start=\"3106\" data-end=\"3142\">7. Fully Magnetizable Material<\/h3><p data-start=\"3144\" data-end=\"3370\">As a martensitic PH stainless steel, 3S144 is <strong data-start=\"3190\" data-end=\"3208\">fully magnetic<\/strong> in all heat-treated conditions. This can be important in applications involving <strong data-start=\"3289\" data-end=\"3367\">magnetic couplings, sensing, or assembly using magnetic tools and fixtures<\/strong>.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3372\" data-end=\"3375\" \/><h3 data-start=\"3377\" data-end=\"3413\">8. Aerospace-Grade Reliability<\/h3><p data-start=\"3415\" data-end=\"3525\">Developed specifically for <strong data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3467\">aerospace and defence<\/strong> applications within the BS S100 series, 3S144 provides:<\/p><ul data-start=\"3527\" data-end=\"3784\"><li data-start=\"3527\" data-end=\"3578\"><p data-start=\"3529\" data-end=\"3578\"><strong data-start=\"3529\" data-end=\"3576\">Aerospace-grade reliability and consistency<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3579\" data-end=\"3641\"><p data-start=\"3581\" data-end=\"3641\">Tight control of chemistry, cleanliness and heat treatment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3642\" data-end=\"3784\"><p data-start=\"3644\" data-end=\"3784\">A long track record of <strong data-start=\"3667\" data-end=\"3729\">proven performance in critical flight and defence hardware<\/strong>, such as shafts, fasteners, and actuation components<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"3786\" data-end=\"3789\" \/><h3 data-start=\"3791\" data-end=\"3817\">One-Sentence Summary<\/h3><p data-start=\"3819\" data-end=\"4147\">3S144 is a very high-strength, Cu + Nb precipitation-hardening martensitic stainless steel bar grade with excellent galling and wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, stable fatigue performance and aerospace-grade reliability, ideal for highly loaded precision components in demanding mechanical and aerospace applications.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\"><div class=\"text-center\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><div class=\"pointer-events-none h-px w-px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-edge=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stainless Steel, Precipitation Hardening 3S144 (S144) Bar Aerospace-grade precipitation hardening stainless steel. S144 is a British aerospace grade, precipitation hardenable stainless steel. It is widely used in the aerospace industry benefiting from a combination of strength and moderate corrosion resistance. The alloy has an identical chemical composition when compared to S143 but a higher tensile [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3196,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aerospace-stainless-steel-alloys"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3194"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3194\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/mn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}