{"id":2440,"date":"2025-11-11T07:02:23","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T07:02:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/?p=2440"},"modified":"2025-12-17T11:32:51","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T03:32:51","slug":"s34700-347-stainless-steel-sheet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/s34700-347-stainless-steel-sheet\/","title":{"rendered":"S34700 (347) Stainless Steel Sheet"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2440\" class=\"elementor elementor-2440\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5d27bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c5d27bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0985e7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0985e7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stainless Steel, Austenitic<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2be6191 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2be6191\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S34700 (347) Stainless Steel Sheet<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-781bcf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"781bcf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/304-stainless-steel-s30400\/\">A stabilized stainless steel similar to type 304 with an addition of columbium and tantalum.<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c46fceb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c46fceb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Columbium stabilizes this alloy making it immune to chromium carbide precipitation.<\/p><p>Alloy 347 is recommended for welded applications that can not tolerate a post anneal. The alloy can operate between 800-1600\u00b0F.<\/p><p>347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"1923\">high-performance austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> with <strong data-start=\"1929\" data-end=\"1954\">niobium stabilization<\/strong> that ensures <strong data-start=\"1968\" data-end=\"2055\">excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and high-temperature stability<\/strong>. It is widely used in <strong data-start=\"2078\" data-end=\"2165\">chemical, industrial, aerospace, food processing, and high-temperature applications<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0bd1dc e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0bd1dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b179cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6b179cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">TALK TO AN EXPERT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e55838b elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"e55838b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-file-pdf\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M369.9 97.9L286 14C277 5 264.8-.1 252.1-.1H48C21.5 0 0 21.5 0 48v416c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h288c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V131.9c0-12.7-5.1-25-14.1-34zM332.1 128H256V51.9l76.1 76.1zM48 464V48h160v104c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h104v288H48zm250.2-143.7c-12.2-12-47-8.7-64.4-6.5-17.2-10.5-28.7-25-36.8-46.3 3.9-16.1 10.1-40.6 5.4-56-4.2-26.2-37.8-23.6-42.6-5.9-4.4 16.1-.4 38.5 7 67.1-10 23.9-24.9 56-35.4 74.4-20 10.3-47 26.2-51 46.2-3.3 15.8 26 55.2 76.1-31.2 22.4-7.4 46.8-16.5 68.4-20.1 18.9 10.2 41 17 55.8 17 25.5 0 28-28.2 17.5-38.7zm-198.1 77.8c5.1-13.7 24.5-29.5 30.4-35-19 30.3-30.4 35.7-30.4 35zm81.6-190.6c7.4 0 6.7 32.1 1.8 40.8-4.4-13.9-4.3-40.8-1.8-40.8zm-24.4 136.6c9.7-16.9 18-37 24.7-54.7 8.3 15.1 18.9 27.2 30.1 35.5-20.8 4.3-38.9 13.1-54.8 19.2zm131.6-5s-5 6-37.3-7.8c35.1-2.6 40.9 5.4 37.3 7.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDOWNLOAD PDF\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-726f5cd elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"726f5cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9aed8e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9aed8e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\"><strong> PLEASE NOTE<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>If you do not see what you are looking for, please contact your\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/contact\/\">local service centre<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>with your specific requirements.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa29d2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fa29d2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">347 Stainless Steel Related Specifications\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5d6ac6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"f5d6ac6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-201\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"3\"\n           data-rows=\"13\"\n           data-wpID=\"201\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF1100 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        System \/ Standard                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF1100 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Country \/ Region                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF1100 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Grade \/ Designation                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        AISI                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        347                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        UNS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        International                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        S34700                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        EN \/ W.Nr.                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Europe                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.4550                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        EN Name                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Europe                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        X6CrNiNb18-10                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A240                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        347 (plate, sheet, strip)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A182                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        F347 (forgings, flanges, fittings)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A213                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        TP347 (boiler \/ HX tubes)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A312                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        TP347 (seamless pipe)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        GB                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        China                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        06Cr18Ni11Nb                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        JIS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Japan                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        SUS347                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        BS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        UK                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        347S31                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n        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data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Z6CNb18-10                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-201'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-FF1100 { background-color: #FF1100 !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n         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                                                                                \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee4d4d0 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"ee4d4d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e909f19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e909f19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Properties\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81477e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"81477e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1350\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1350\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Chemical Composition <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1350\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44f2705 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44f2705\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1aa5e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"c1aa5e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n    <h3 class=\"wpdt-c\"\n        id=\"wdt-table-title-57\">S34700 Sheet<\/h3>\n    <p class=\"wpdt-c\"\n       id=\"wdt-table-description-57\">ASTM A240<\/p>\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-57\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"10\"\n           data-wpID=\"57\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Chemical Element                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        % Present                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Carbon (C)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.08                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Chromium (Cr)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        17.00 - 19.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Nickel (Ni)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        9.00 - 13.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Manganese (Mn)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 2.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Phosphorous (P)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.04                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sulphur (S)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.03                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Silicon (Si)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.75                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Niobium (Columbium) (Nb)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 1.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Iron (Fe)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Balance                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-57'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1351\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1351\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Mechanical Properties <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1351\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08636d1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"08636d1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c18af41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"c18af41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n    <h3 class=\"wpdt-c\"\n        id=\"wdt-table-title-58\">Sheet<\/h3>\n    <p class=\"wpdt-c\"\n       id=\"wdt-table-description-58\">ASTM A240<\/p>\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-58\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"4\"\n           data-wpID=\"58\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Mechanical Property                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Value                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Proof Stress                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        205 Min MPa                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Tensile Strength                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        515 Min MPa                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Elongation A50 mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        40 Min %                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-58'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1352\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1352\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> General Physical Properties <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1352\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbfc72e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bbfc72e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e278e13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"e278e13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-59\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"2\"\n           data-wpID=\"59\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Physical Property                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Value                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Density                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        7.96 g\/cm\u00b3                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-59'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cf95f6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0cf95f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-234fd4c e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"234fd4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe7e77c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe7e77c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7182d30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7182d30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"105\" data-end=\"148\"><strong data-start=\"109\" data-end=\"148\">Applications of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"150\" data-end=\"490\"><strong data-start=\"150\" data-end=\"173\">347 stainless steel<\/strong> is a stabilized austenitic stainless steel containing <strong data-start=\"228\" data-end=\"251\">niobium (columbium)<\/strong>, which improves resistance to <strong data-start=\"282\" data-end=\"309\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> after exposure to high temperatures. Its excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance make it suitable for a wide range of high-temperature and industrial applications.<\/p><hr data-start=\"492\" data-end=\"495\" \/><h4 data-start=\"497\" data-end=\"538\"><strong data-start=\"502\" data-end=\"538\">1. High-Temperature Applications<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"539\" data-end=\"711\"><li data-start=\"539\" data-end=\"581\"><p data-start=\"541\" data-end=\"581\">Furnace components and heat exchangers<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"582\" data-end=\"632\"><p data-start=\"584\" data-end=\"632\">Boiler parts, superheater and evaporator tubes<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"633\" data-end=\"680\"><p data-start=\"635\" data-end=\"680\">Exhaust stacks and high-temperature ducting<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"681\" data-end=\"711\"><p data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"711\">Industrial ovens and kilns<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"713\" data-end=\"716\" \/><h4 data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"765\"><strong data-start=\"723\" data-end=\"765\">2. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"766\" data-end=\"946\"><li data-start=\"766\" data-end=\"838\"><p data-start=\"768\" data-end=\"838\">Processing equipment and piping in moderately corrosive environments<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"890\"><p data-start=\"841\" data-end=\"890\">Pressure vessels and tanks for chemical storage<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"891\" data-end=\"946\"><p data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"946\">Heat-resistant piping carrying steam or hot liquids<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"948\" data-end=\"951\" \/><h4 data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"993\"><strong data-start=\"958\" data-end=\"993\">3. Food and Beverage Processing<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"994\" data-end=\"1161\"><li data-start=\"994\" data-end=\"1040\"><p data-start=\"996\" data-end=\"1040\">Equipment exposed to elevated temperatures<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1076\"><p data-start=\"1043\" data-end=\"1076\">Heat exchangers and evaporators<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1077\" data-end=\"1161\"><p data-start=\"1079\" data-end=\"1161\">Components requiring good corrosion resistance and stability at high temperature<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1163\" data-end=\"1166\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1168\" data-end=\"1204\"><strong data-start=\"1173\" data-end=\"1204\">4. Aerospace and Automotive<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1205\" data-end=\"1302\"><li data-start=\"1205\" data-end=\"1242\"><p data-start=\"1207\" data-end=\"1242\">Exhaust systems and turbochargers<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1302\"><p data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1302\">High-temperature components in engines and power plants<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1304\" data-end=\"1307\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1309\" data-end=\"1341\"><strong data-start=\"1314\" data-end=\"1341\">5. Industrial Equipment<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1342\" data-end=\"1490\"><li data-start=\"1342\" data-end=\"1420\"><p data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1420\">Springs, fasteners, and structural components for high-temperature service<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1421\" data-end=\"1490\"><p data-start=\"1423\" data-end=\"1490\">Mechanical equipment exposed to heat and corrosion simultaneously<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1492\" data-end=\"1495\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1535\"><strong data-start=\"1502\" data-end=\"1535\">6. Architectural Applications<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1536\" data-end=\"1710\"><li data-start=\"1536\" data-end=\"1626\"><p data-start=\"1538\" data-end=\"1626\">Structures and components exposed to outdoor weather and moderate corrosive conditions<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1627\" data-end=\"1710\"><p data-start=\"1629\" data-end=\"1710\">Decorative elements requiring durability and stability at elevated temperatures<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1712\" data-end=\"1715\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1732\"><strong data-start=\"1721\" data-end=\"1732\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1733\" data-end=\"2056\">347 stainless steel is ideal for <strong data-start=\"1766\" data-end=\"1814\">high-temperature and industrial applications<\/strong>, where <strong data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1921\">intergranular corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and stability at elevated temperatures<\/strong> are critical. Common industries include <strong data-start=\"1962\" data-end=\"2053\">chemical processing, food and beverage, aerospace, automotive, and industrial equipment<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6294f6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6294f6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22b5eed elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"22b5eed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c3ae4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c3ae4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"108\" data-end=\"154\"><strong data-start=\"112\" data-end=\"154\">Characteristics of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"156\" data-end=\"505\"><strong data-start=\"156\" data-end=\"179\">347 stainless steel<\/strong> is a stabilized austenitic stainless steel containing <strong data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"257\">niobium (columbium)<\/strong>, which enhances resistance to <strong data-start=\"288\" data-end=\"315\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> after exposure to high temperatures. It offers <strong data-start=\"363\" data-end=\"457\">good mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability<\/strong>, making it suitable for demanding applications.<\/p><hr data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"510\" \/><h4 data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"550\"><strong data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"550\">1. High-Temperature Stability<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"551\" data-end=\"841\"><li data-start=\"551\" data-end=\"667\"><p data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"667\">Excellent resistance to <strong data-start=\"577\" data-end=\"604\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> after exposure to temperatures of <strong data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"665\">425\u2013870\u00b0C (800\u20131600\u00b0F)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"770\"><p data-start=\"670\" data-end=\"770\">Niobium stabilization prevents <strong data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"735\">chromium carbide precipitation<\/strong> during welding and heat exposure<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"841\"><p data-start=\"773\" data-end=\"841\">Suitable for furnace parts, heat exchangers, and boiler components<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"843\" data-end=\"846\" \/><h4 data-start=\"848\" data-end=\"880\"><strong data-start=\"853\" data-end=\"880\">2. Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"881\" data-end=\"1148\"><li data-start=\"881\" data-end=\"966\"><p data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"966\">Good resistance to <strong data-start=\"902\" data-end=\"964\">oxidation, atmospheric corrosion, and mild chemical attack<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"967\" data-end=\"1061\"><p data-start=\"969\" data-end=\"1061\">Performs better than 304 and similar to 321 in <strong data-start=\"1016\" data-end=\"1059\">high-temperature corrosive environments<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1062\" data-end=\"1148\"><p data-start=\"1064\" data-end=\"1148\">Low susceptibility to pitting and crevice corrosion in moderately aggressive media<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1150\" data-end=\"1153\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1188\"><strong data-start=\"1160\" data-end=\"1188\">3. Mechanical Properties<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1352\"><li data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1251\"><p data-start=\"1191\" data-end=\"1251\">High strength and toughness, even at elevated temperatures<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1252\" data-end=\"1294\"><p data-start=\"1254\" data-end=\"1294\">Can be cold-worked to improve strength<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1352\"><p data-start=\"1297\" data-end=\"1352\">Excellent ductility for forming, bending, and shaping<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1354\" data-end=\"1357\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1382\"><strong data-start=\"1364\" data-end=\"1382\">4. Weldability<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1383\" data-end=\"1644\"><li data-start=\"1383\" data-end=\"1466\"><p data-start=\"1385\" data-end=\"1466\">Easily welded using conventional methods: TIG, MIG, SMAW, or resistance welding<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1467\" data-end=\"1552\"><p data-start=\"1469\" data-end=\"1552\">Niobium stabilization reduces risk of <strong data-start=\"1507\" data-end=\"1524\">sensitization<\/strong> in the heat-affected zone<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1553\" data-end=\"1644\"><p data-start=\"1555\" data-end=\"1644\">Suitable for welded components in <strong data-start=\"1589\" data-end=\"1642\">chemical, food, and high-temperature applications<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1649\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1651\" data-end=\"1690\"><strong data-start=\"1656\" data-end=\"1690\">5. Formability and Fabrication<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1691\" data-end=\"1847\"><li data-start=\"1691\" data-end=\"1724\"><p data-start=\"1693\" data-end=\"1724\">Good cold and hot workability<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1725\" data-end=\"1781\"><p data-start=\"1727\" data-end=\"1781\">Can be rolled, drawn, or pressed into complex shapes<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1782\" data-end=\"1847\"><p data-start=\"1784\" data-end=\"1847\">Suitable for sheets, plates, tubes, and structural components<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1849\" data-end=\"1852\" \/><h4 data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1881\"><strong data-start=\"1859\" data-end=\"1881\">6. Heat Resistance<\/strong><\/h4><ul data-start=\"1882\" data-end=\"2007\"><li data-start=\"1882\" data-end=\"1943\"><p data-start=\"1884\" data-end=\"1943\">Can withstand <strong data-start=\"1898\" data-end=\"1941\">continuous service up to 870\u00b0C (1600\u00b0F)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1944\" data-end=\"2007\"><p data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2007\">Resistant to scaling and oxidation in oxidizing atmospheres<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2009\" data-end=\"2012\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2014\" data-end=\"2029\"><strong data-start=\"2018\" data-end=\"2029\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2351\">347 stainless steel combines <strong data-start=\"2059\" data-end=\"2155\">high-temperature stability, excellent corrosion resistance, and strong mechanical properties<\/strong>. Its <strong data-start=\"2161\" data-end=\"2186\">niobium stabilization<\/strong> prevents intergranular corrosion, making it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2241\" data-end=\"2348\">high-temperature industrial equipment, chemical processing, aerospace, and food processing applications<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3df5a57 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3df5a57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b988aab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b988aab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additional Information\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cbfadf elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"8cbfadf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1470\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1470\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Fabrication <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1470\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ee4c9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5ee4c9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3648f9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3648f9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"84\" data-end=\"125\"><strong data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"125\">Fabrication of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"491\">347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"152\" data-end=\"202\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> designed to resist intergranular corrosion during welding and high-temperature service. It combines <strong data-start=\"303\" data-end=\"380\">excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability, and mechanical strength<\/strong>, making it suitable for a wide range of fabrication processes in industrial and high-temperature applications.<\/p><hr data-start=\"493\" data-end=\"496\" \/><h3 data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"516\"><strong data-start=\"502\" data-end=\"516\">1. Forming<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"784\"><li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"597\"><p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"597\">347 stainless steel has <strong data-start=\"543\" data-end=\"568\">good cold formability<\/strong> in the annealed condition.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"652\"><p data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"652\">Can be bent, deep-drawn, stamped, and roll-formed.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"784\"><p data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"784\">Because of work-hardening, <strong data-start=\"682\" data-end=\"708\">intermediate annealing<\/strong> may be required during extensive forming operations to restore ductility.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"786\" data-end=\"789\" \/><h3 data-start=\"791\" data-end=\"822\"><strong data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"822\">2. Cutting and Shearing<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"980\"><li data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"907\"><p data-start=\"825\" data-end=\"907\">Can be cut with standard techniques such as shearing, sawing, and laser cutting.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"908\" data-end=\"980\"><p data-start=\"910\" data-end=\"980\">Tools must be <strong data-start=\"924\" data-end=\"933\">sharp<\/strong> to minimize work-hardening at the cut edges.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"982\" data-end=\"985\" \/><h3 data-start=\"987\" data-end=\"1007\"><strong data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1007\">3. Machining<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1008\" data-end=\"1236\"><li data-start=\"1008\" data-end=\"1111\"><p data-start=\"1010\" data-end=\"1111\">347 is <strong data-start=\"1017\" data-end=\"1052\">moderately difficult to machine<\/strong> due to austenitic toughness and work-hardening tendency.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1112\" data-end=\"1236\"><p data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1236\">Use <strong data-start=\"1118\" data-end=\"1137\">carbide tooling<\/strong> for better performance, proper feed rates, and cooling lubricants to control heat and tool wear.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1241\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1261\"><strong data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1261\">4. Welding<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1262\" data-end=\"1619\"><li data-start=\"1262\" data-end=\"1332\"><p data-start=\"1264\" data-end=\"1332\">Excellent weldability with conventional processes: TIG, MIG, SMAW.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1333\" data-end=\"1411\"><p data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1411\">Titanium stabilization prevents <strong data-start=\"1367\" data-end=\"1394\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> near the weld.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1472\"><p data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1472\">Filler metals such as <strong data-start=\"1436\" data-end=\"1451\">347 or 308L<\/strong> are commonly used.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1473\" data-end=\"1619\"><p data-start=\"1475\" data-end=\"1619\">Post-weld annealing is typically <strong data-start=\"1508\" data-end=\"1524\">not required<\/strong> for corrosion resistance, but stress relief may be applied in high-temperature applications.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1621\" data-end=\"1624\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1626\" data-end=\"1649\"><strong data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1649\">5. Cold Working<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1650\" data-end=\"1843\"><li data-start=\"1650\" data-end=\"1722\"><p data-start=\"1652\" data-end=\"1722\">Cold working increases strength significantly due to work-hardening.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1723\" data-end=\"1843\"><p data-start=\"1725\" data-end=\"1843\">Extensive cold work reduces ductility; <strong data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1777\">annealing<\/strong> may be required to restore formability for further fabrication.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"1848\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1850\" data-end=\"1872\"><strong data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1872\">6. Hot Working<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1873\" data-end=\"2046\"><li data-start=\"1873\" data-end=\"1950\"><p data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"1950\">Hot working is typically performed between <strong data-start=\"1918\" data-end=\"1947\">1010\u20131175\u00b0C (1850\u20132150\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1951\" data-end=\"2046\"><p data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"2046\">Proper temperature control ensures uniform mechanical properties and prevents grain growth.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2048\" data-end=\"2051\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2053\" data-end=\"2081\"><strong data-start=\"2057\" data-end=\"2081\">7. Surface Finishing<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"2082\" data-end=\"2242\"><li data-start=\"2082\" data-end=\"2147\"><p data-start=\"2084\" data-end=\"2147\">Can be supplied in a range of finishes (2B, BA, or polished).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2148\" data-end=\"2242\"><p data-start=\"2150\" data-end=\"2242\">Work-hardened areas may require additional finishing for aesthetics or corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2244\" data-end=\"2247\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2264\"><strong data-start=\"2253\" data-end=\"2264\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2265\" data-end=\"2610\">347 stainless steel is <strong data-start=\"2288\" data-end=\"2323\">versatile and easily fabricated<\/strong>, offering excellent weldability, corrosion resistance, and strength. Its <strong data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2423\">titanium stabilization<\/strong> makes it particularly suitable for welding and high-temperature applications, while its workability allows for forming, machining, and finishing across a wide range of industrial uses.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1471\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1471\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Weldability <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1471\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a614599 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a614599\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7819ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7819ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"84\" data-end=\"125\"><strong data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"125\">Weldability of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"506\">347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"152\" data-end=\"202\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> that offers <strong data-start=\"215\" data-end=\"240\">excellent weldability<\/strong>. Its titanium content prevents the formation of chromium carbides during welding, reducing the risk of <strong data-start=\"344\" data-end=\"371\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). This makes 347 highly suitable for welded structures and components exposed to elevated temperatures.<\/p><hr data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"511\" \/><h3 data-start=\"513\" data-end=\"552\"><strong data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"552\">1. Compatible Welding Processes<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"873\"><li data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"624\"><p data-start=\"555\" data-end=\"624\"><strong data-start=\"555\" data-end=\"569\">TIG (GTAW)<\/strong> \u2013 Preferred for precision welding and thin sections.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"625\" data-end=\"709\"><p data-start=\"627\" data-end=\"709\"><strong data-start=\"627\" data-end=\"641\">MIG (GMAW)<\/strong> \u2013 Common for thicker sections and high-productivity applications.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"710\" data-end=\"797\"><p data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"797\"><strong data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"749\">Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)<\/strong> \u2013 Suitable for field and maintenance welding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"798\" data-end=\"873\"><p data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"873\"><strong data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"822\">Resistance welding<\/strong> \u2013 Spot and seam welding can be used effectively.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"875\" data-end=\"878\" \/><h3 data-start=\"880\" data-end=\"922\"><strong data-start=\"884\" data-end=\"922\">2. Titanium Stabilization Benefits<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"923\" data-end=\"1168\"><li data-start=\"923\" data-end=\"988\"><p data-start=\"925\" data-end=\"988\">Titanium reacts with carbon to form stable titanium carbides.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"989\" data-end=\"1072\"><p data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1072\">Prevents <strong data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1034\">chromium carbide precipitation<\/strong>, avoiding sensitization in the HAZ.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1073\" data-end=\"1168\"><p data-start=\"1075\" data-end=\"1168\">Ensures corrosion resistance is maintained after welding, even without post-weld annealing.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1170\" data-end=\"1173\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1175\" data-end=\"1211\"><strong data-start=\"1179\" data-end=\"1211\">3. Filler Material Selection<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1212\" data-end=\"1504\"><li data-start=\"1212\" data-end=\"1294\"><p data-start=\"1214\" data-end=\"1294\">Filler metals matching 347 are commonly used for optimum corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1395\"><p data-start=\"1297\" data-end=\"1395\"><strong data-start=\"1297\" data-end=\"1314\">ER347 or 308L<\/strong> filler rods are suitable depending on base material thickness and application.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1396\" data-end=\"1504\"><p data-start=\"1398\" data-end=\"1504\">Low-carbon fillers reduce carbide precipitation risk in general austenitic stainless steel applications.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1506\" data-end=\"1509\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1511\" data-end=\"1547\"><strong data-start=\"1515\" data-end=\"1547\">4. Heat Input and Distortion<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1548\" data-end=\"1806\"><li data-start=\"1548\" data-end=\"1635\"><p data-start=\"1550\" data-end=\"1635\">347 has <strong data-start=\"1558\" data-end=\"1584\">high thermal expansion<\/strong>, which can lead to distortion if not controlled.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1636\" data-end=\"1728\"><p data-start=\"1638\" data-end=\"1728\">Use <strong data-start=\"1642\" data-end=\"1672\">low to moderate heat input<\/strong> to reduce warping and maintain dimensional stability.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1729\" data-end=\"1806\"><p data-start=\"1731\" data-end=\"1806\">Adequate fixturing and sequence planning help minimize residual stresses.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1808\" data-end=\"1811\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1813\" data-end=\"1843\"><strong data-start=\"1817\" data-end=\"1843\">5. Post-Weld Treatment<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1844\" data-end=\"2074\"><li data-start=\"1844\" data-end=\"1969\"><p data-start=\"1846\" data-end=\"1969\">Usually, post-weld annealing is <strong data-start=\"1878\" data-end=\"1894\">not required<\/strong> because titanium stabilization protects against intergranular corrosion.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1970\" data-end=\"2074\"><p data-start=\"1972\" data-end=\"2074\">Stress relief may be applied for high-temperature service or when dimensional stability is critical.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2076\" data-end=\"2079\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2081\" data-end=\"2127\"><strong data-start=\"2085\" data-end=\"2127\">6. Applications Related to Weldability<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"2128\" data-end=\"2319\"><li data-start=\"2128\" data-end=\"2179\"><p data-start=\"2130\" data-end=\"2179\">High-temperature boilers and furnace components<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2180\" data-end=\"2231\"><p data-start=\"2182\" data-end=\"2231\">Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2251\"><p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2251\">Heat exchangers<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2252\" data-end=\"2319\"><p data-start=\"2254\" data-end=\"2319\">Pressure vessels and piping systems requiring welded assemblies<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2324\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2326\" data-end=\"2341\"><strong data-start=\"2330\" data-end=\"2341\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2342\" data-end=\"2723\">347 stainless steel exhibits <strong data-start=\"2371\" data-end=\"2396\">excellent weldability<\/strong> due to its titanium stabilization, allowing it to maintain corrosion resistance in welded areas without the need for extensive post-weld heat treatment. Proper filler selection, heat control, and welding technique ensure strong, durable, and corrosion-resistant welds suitable for high-temperature and industrial applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1472\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1472\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Machinability <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1472\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c499e3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4c499e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f8d690 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f8d690\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"86\" data-end=\"129\"><strong data-start=\"89\" data-end=\"129\">Machinability of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"131\" data-end=\"454\">347 stainless steel, a <strong data-start=\"154\" data-end=\"204\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong>, has <strong data-start=\"210\" data-end=\"236\">moderate machinability<\/strong> similar to other austenitic grades such as 304 and 321. While it is tougher and more work-hardening than carbon steels, careful tooling and machining practices allow for efficient processing and good surface finishes.<\/p><hr data-start=\"456\" data-end=\"459\" \/><h3 data-start=\"461\" data-end=\"495\"><strong data-start=\"465\" data-end=\"495\">1. Work-Hardening Behavior<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"496\" data-end=\"699\"><li data-start=\"496\" data-end=\"614\"><p data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"614\">347 stainless steel exhibits <strong data-start=\"527\" data-end=\"560\">work-hardening during cutting<\/strong>, which increases tool wear if not properly managed.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"615\" data-end=\"699\"><p data-start=\"617\" data-end=\"699\">Continuous, consistent cutting helps prevent excessive hardening on the surface.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"704\" \/><h3 data-start=\"706\" data-end=\"740\"><strong data-start=\"710\" data-end=\"740\">2. Tooling Recommendations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"983\"><li data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"816\"><p data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"816\"><strong data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"762\">Carbide tooling<\/strong> is preferred for higher productivity and tool life.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"817\" data-end=\"917\"><p data-start=\"819\" data-end=\"917\"><strong data-start=\"819\" data-end=\"845\">High-speed steel (HSS)<\/strong> tools can be used at slower cutting speeds with careful feed control.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"918\" data-end=\"983\"><p data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"983\">Positive rake angles reduce cutting forces and heat generation.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"988\" \/><h3 data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1025\"><strong data-start=\"994\" data-end=\"1025\">3. Cutting Speeds and Feeds<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1196\"><li data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1106\"><p data-start=\"1028\" data-end=\"1106\"><strong data-start=\"1028\" data-end=\"1053\">Slower cutting speeds<\/strong> than those used for carbon steels are recommended.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1107\" data-end=\"1196\"><p data-start=\"1109\" data-end=\"1196\">Use <strong data-start=\"1113\" data-end=\"1140\">moderate to heavy feeds<\/strong> to keep the tool engaged and minimize work-hardening.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1198\" data-end=\"1201\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1203\" data-end=\"1237\"><strong data-start=\"1207\" data-end=\"1237\">4. Cooling and Lubrication<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1446\"><li data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1333\"><p data-start=\"1240\" data-end=\"1333\">Austenitic stainless steels have <strong data-start=\"1273\" data-end=\"1301\">low thermal conductivity<\/strong>, so heat control is critical.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1334\" data-end=\"1446\"><p data-start=\"1336\" data-end=\"1446\">Flood coolant or high-performance cutting oils help reduce heat, improve surface finish, and extend tool life.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1451\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1453\" data-end=\"1478\"><strong data-start=\"1457\" data-end=\"1478\">5. Chip Formation<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1479\" data-end=\"1659\"><li data-start=\"1479\" data-end=\"1560\"><p data-start=\"1481\" data-end=\"1560\">Chips are typically <strong data-start=\"1501\" data-end=\"1522\">tough and stringy<\/strong>, making them difficult to evacuate.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1561\" data-end=\"1659\"><p data-start=\"1563\" data-end=\"1659\">Use chip breakers or insert geometries designed for stainless steel to manage chips effectively.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1664\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1666\" data-end=\"1691\"><strong data-start=\"1670\" data-end=\"1691\">6. Surface Finish<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1897\"><li data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1793\"><p data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1793\">Good surface finishes can be achieved with proper tool geometry, cutting parameters, and cooling.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1794\" data-end=\"1897\"><p data-start=\"1796\" data-end=\"1897\">Avoid dwell or pauses on the workpiece, as these can create hardened spots and reduce finish quality.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1899\" data-end=\"1902\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1904\" data-end=\"1919\"><strong data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"1919\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1920\" data-end=\"2194\">347 stainless steel has <strong data-start=\"1944\" data-end=\"1970\">moderate machinability<\/strong> compared with other austenitic grades. Success in machining relies on <strong data-start=\"2041\" data-end=\"2119\">sharp tools, controlled cutting parameters, proper cooling, and feed rates<\/strong> to counteract work-hardening and achieve high-quality finished components.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1473\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1473\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Corrosion Resistance <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1473\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-902811c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"902811c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f9b886 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9f9b886\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"93\" data-end=\"143\"><strong data-start=\"96\" data-end=\"143\">Corrosion Resistance of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"145\" data-end=\"514\">347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"170\" data-end=\"220\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> with excellent corrosion resistance. The titanium stabilization prevents chromium carbide precipitation during welding, reducing the risk of <strong data-start=\"362\" data-end=\"389\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong>, particularly in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). This makes 347 ideal for welded assemblies and high-temperature applications.<\/p><hr data-start=\"516\" data-end=\"519\" \/><h3 data-start=\"521\" data-end=\"560\"><strong data-start=\"525\" data-end=\"560\">1. General Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"561\" data-end=\"778\"><li data-start=\"561\" data-end=\"645\"><p data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"645\">Performs well in <strong data-start=\"580\" data-end=\"642\">atmospheric, industrial, and mildly corrosive environments<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"646\" data-end=\"707\"><p data-start=\"648\" data-end=\"707\">Resistant to oxidation at moderate elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"708\" data-end=\"778\"><p data-start=\"710\" data-end=\"778\">Suitable for general chemical, petrochemical, and process equipment.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"780\" data-end=\"783\" \/><h3 data-start=\"785\" data-end=\"830\"><strong data-start=\"789\" data-end=\"830\">2. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"831\" data-end=\"1064\"><li data-start=\"831\" data-end=\"895\"><p data-start=\"833\" data-end=\"895\">Titanium binds with carbon to form stable titanium carbides.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"980\"><p data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"980\">Prevents chromium depletion at grain boundaries, which avoids <strong data-start=\"960\" data-end=\"977\">sensitization<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"981\" data-end=\"1064\"><p data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"1064\">Especially beneficial in welded areas where intergranular corrosion is a concern.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1066\" data-end=\"1069\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1071\" data-end=\"1105\"><strong data-start=\"1075\" data-end=\"1105\">3. Resistance to Chlorides<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1329\"><li data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1193\"><p data-start=\"1108\" data-end=\"1193\">Exhibits moderate resistance to chloride-induced <strong data-start=\"1157\" data-end=\"1190\">pitting and crevice corrosion<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1194\" data-end=\"1329\"><p data-start=\"1196\" data-end=\"1329\">Not as resistant as Mo-bearing grades like 316, but better than carbon steels or unstabilized austenitic grades in welded components.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1331\" data-end=\"1334\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1336\" data-end=\"1373\"><strong data-start=\"1340\" data-end=\"1373\">4. High-Temperature Corrosion<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1374\" data-end=\"1590\"><li data-start=\"1374\" data-end=\"1464\"><p data-start=\"1376\" data-end=\"1464\">Suitable for use in continuous service up to ~870\u00b0C (1600\u00b0F) in oxidizing atmospheres.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1465\" data-end=\"1590\"><p data-start=\"1467\" data-end=\"1590\">Titanium stabilization provides good resistance to <strong data-start=\"1518\" data-end=\"1543\">carbide precipitation<\/strong> and oxidation during high-temperature service.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1592\" data-end=\"1595\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1597\" data-end=\"1645\"><strong data-start=\"1601\" data-end=\"1645\">5. Comparison to Other Austenitic Grades<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1924\"><li data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1742\"><p data-start=\"1648\" data-end=\"1742\"><strong data-start=\"1648\" data-end=\"1688\">Better corrosion resistance than 304<\/strong> in welded conditions due to titanium stabilization.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1743\" data-end=\"1824\"><p data-start=\"1745\" data-end=\"1824\"><strong data-start=\"1745\" data-end=\"1791\">Slightly less corrosion-resistant than 316<\/strong> in chloride-rich environments.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1825\" data-end=\"1924\"><p data-start=\"1827\" data-end=\"1924\">Superior intergranular corrosion resistance compared to unstabilized 321 or 304 stainless steels.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1926\" data-end=\"1929\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1931\" data-end=\"1986\"><strong data-start=\"1935\" data-end=\"1986\">6. Applications Leveraging Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1987\" data-end=\"2167\"><li data-start=\"1987\" data-end=\"2029\"><p data-start=\"1989\" data-end=\"2029\">Heat exchangers and furnace components<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2070\"><p data-start=\"2032\" data-end=\"2070\">Chemical and petrochemical equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2071\" data-end=\"2110\"><p data-start=\"2073\" data-end=\"2110\">Pressure vessels and piping systems<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2111\" data-end=\"2167\"><p data-start=\"2113\" data-end=\"2167\">Components exposed to elevated temperatures or welding<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2169\" data-end=\"2172\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2174\" data-end=\"2189\"><strong data-start=\"2178\" data-end=\"2189\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2501\">347 stainless steel combines <strong data-start=\"2219\" data-end=\"2313\">excellent general corrosion resistance with superior resistance to intergranular corrosion<\/strong>, making it highly suitable for welded and high-temperature applications. Titanium stabilization ensures reliable long-term performance, especially in industrial and chemical environments.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1474\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1474\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Cold Working <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1474\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4bb017 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b4bb017\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-334cee3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"334cee3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"85\" data-end=\"127\"><strong data-start=\"88\" data-end=\"127\">Cold Working of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"129\" data-end=\"430\">347 stainless steel is an <strong data-start=\"155\" data-end=\"206\">austenitic, titanium-stabilized stainless steel<\/strong> with good cold-working properties. Cold working increases the material\u2019s <strong data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"305\">strength and hardness<\/strong> while reducing ductility. The titanium stabilization helps maintain corrosion resistance, even in heavily worked conditions.<\/p><hr data-start=\"432\" data-end=\"435\" \/><h3 data-start=\"437\" data-end=\"471\"><strong data-start=\"441\" data-end=\"471\">1. Work-Hardening Behavior<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"472\" data-end=\"670\"><li data-start=\"472\" data-end=\"590\"><p data-start=\"474\" data-end=\"590\">347 stainless steel <strong data-start=\"494\" data-end=\"510\">work-hardens<\/strong> during cold deformation, although slightly less aggressively than 301 or 304.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"591\" data-end=\"670\"><p data-start=\"593\" data-end=\"670\">Strength increases significantly with deformation, but ductility decreases.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"672\" data-end=\"675\" \/><h3 data-start=\"677\" data-end=\"717\"><strong data-start=\"681\" data-end=\"717\">2. Common Cold Working Processes<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"939\"><li data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"766\"><p data-start=\"720\" data-end=\"766\"><strong data-start=\"720\" data-end=\"732\">Rolling:<\/strong> For sheets, strips, and plates.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"767\" data-end=\"811\"><p data-start=\"769\" data-end=\"811\"><strong data-start=\"769\" data-end=\"781\">Drawing:<\/strong> For wires, tubes, and rods.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"812\" data-end=\"887\"><p data-start=\"814\" data-end=\"887\"><strong data-start=\"814\" data-end=\"838\">Bending and Forming:<\/strong> For clips, springs, and structural components.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"888\" data-end=\"939\"><p data-start=\"890\" data-end=\"939\"><strong data-start=\"890\" data-end=\"920\">Stamping and Deep Drawing:<\/strong> For complex parts.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"941\" data-end=\"944\" \/><h3 data-start=\"946\" data-end=\"986\"><strong data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"986\">3. Mechanical Properties Control<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"987\" data-end=\"1190\"><li data-start=\"987\" data-end=\"1084\"><p data-start=\"989\" data-end=\"1084\">Cold working allows precise adjustment of <strong data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1081\">tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1085\" data-end=\"1190\"><p data-start=\"1087\" data-end=\"1190\">Extensive cold working may require <strong data-start=\"1122\" data-end=\"1148\">intermediate annealing<\/strong> to restore ductility for further forming.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1192\" data-end=\"1195\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1197\" data-end=\"1238\"><strong data-start=\"1201\" data-end=\"1238\">4. Effect on Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1239\" data-end=\"1505\"><li data-start=\"1239\" data-end=\"1377\"><p data-start=\"1241\" data-end=\"1377\">Titanium stabilization prevents <strong data-start=\"1273\" data-end=\"1307\">chromium carbide precipitation<\/strong>, maintaining corrosion resistance even after significant cold work.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1505\"><p data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1505\">Unlike unstabilized austenitic grades, 347 maintains resistance to intergranular corrosion in welded or heavily worked areas.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1507\" data-end=\"1510\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1512\" data-end=\"1550\"><strong data-start=\"1516\" data-end=\"1550\">5. Post-Forming Considerations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1813\"><li data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1689\"><p data-start=\"1553\" data-end=\"1689\">In highly cold-worked parts, <strong data-start=\"1582\" data-end=\"1604\">solution annealing<\/strong> can be performed to relieve residual stresses and restore formability if required.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1690\" data-end=\"1813\"><p data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1813\">Cold working may also induce some <strong data-start=\"1726\" data-end=\"1739\">magnetism<\/strong> due to martensitic transformation, though minimal in 347 compared to 301.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1815\" data-end=\"1818\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1820\" data-end=\"1863\"><strong data-start=\"1824\" data-end=\"1863\">6. Applications Utilizing Cold Work<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1864\" data-end=\"2073\"><li data-start=\"1864\" data-end=\"1885\"><p data-start=\"1866\" data-end=\"1885\">Springs and clips<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1886\" data-end=\"1935\"><p data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1935\">Structural components requiring high strength<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1936\" data-end=\"2007\"><p data-start=\"1938\" data-end=\"2007\">Industrial equipment requiring formability and corrosion resistance<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2008\" data-end=\"2073\"><p data-start=\"2010\" data-end=\"2073\">Tubes, rods, and wire for chemical and high-temperature service<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2075\" data-end=\"2078\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2080\" data-end=\"2095\"><strong data-start=\"2084\" data-end=\"2095\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2096\" data-end=\"2442\">347 stainless steel exhibits <strong data-start=\"2125\" data-end=\"2162\">good cold-working characteristics<\/strong>, allowing it to achieve higher strength through work hardening while maintaining corrosion resistance thanks to titanium stabilization. Proper management of deformation and occasional annealing enables high-performance components for industrial and high-temperature applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1475\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1475\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Heat Treatment <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1475\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfaf70b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dfaf70b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-075b59d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"075b59d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"131\"><strong data-start=\"90\" data-end=\"131\">Heat Treatment of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"133\" data-end=\"469\">347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"158\" data-end=\"208\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong>. Unlike martensitic or precipitation-hardening grades, it is <strong data-start=\"270\" data-end=\"317\">not hardened by conventional heat treatment<\/strong>. Heat treatment is mainly used to <strong data-start=\"352\" data-end=\"426\">restore ductility, relieve stresses, and maintain corrosion resistance<\/strong>, especially after cold working or welding.<\/p><hr data-start=\"471\" data-end=\"474\" \/><h3 data-start=\"476\" data-end=\"517\"><strong data-start=\"480\" data-end=\"517\">1. Annealing \/ Solution Treatment<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"518\" data-end=\"932\"><li data-start=\"518\" data-end=\"651\"><p data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"534\"><strong data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"532\">Purpose:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"537\" data-end=\"651\"><li data-start=\"537\" data-end=\"586\"><p data-start=\"539\" data-end=\"586\">Relieve stresses from cold working or forming<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"589\" data-end=\"610\"><p data-start=\"591\" data-end=\"610\">Restore ductility<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"613\" data-end=\"651\"><p data-start=\"615\" data-end=\"651\">Dissolve any unwanted precipitates<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-start=\"652\" data-end=\"706\"><p data-start=\"654\" data-end=\"706\"><strong data-start=\"654\" data-end=\"678\">Typical Temperature:<\/strong> 1010\u20131120\u00b0C (1850\u20132050\u00b0F)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"707\" data-end=\"793\"><p data-start=\"709\" data-end=\"793\"><strong data-start=\"709\" data-end=\"721\">Cooling:<\/strong> Rapid air or water quenching to preserve a fully austenitic structure<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"794\" data-end=\"932\"><p data-start=\"796\" data-end=\"809\"><strong data-start=\"796\" data-end=\"807\">Effect:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"812\" data-end=\"932\"><li data-start=\"812\" data-end=\"867\"><p data-start=\"814\" data-end=\"867\">Returns mechanical properties to annealed condition<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"870\" data-end=\"932\"><p data-start=\"872\" data-end=\"932\">Maintains corrosion resistance due to titanium stabilization<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"934\" data-end=\"937\" \/><h3 data-start=\"939\" data-end=\"963\"><strong data-start=\"943\" data-end=\"963\">2. Stress Relief<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"964\" data-end=\"1227\"><li data-start=\"964\" data-end=\"1039\"><p data-start=\"966\" data-end=\"1039\"><strong data-start=\"966\" data-end=\"978\">Purpose:<\/strong> Reduce residual stresses from forming, bending, or welding<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1040\" data-end=\"1089\"><p data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1089\"><strong data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1064\">Temperature Range:<\/strong> 450\u2013650\u00b0C (840\u20131200\u00b0F)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1090\" data-end=\"1227\"><p data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1227\"><strong data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1103\">Effect:<\/strong> Minimizes distortion and reduces the risk of stress corrosion cracking without significantly changing mechanical properties<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1229\" data-end=\"1232\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1234\" data-end=\"1281\"><strong data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1281\">3. Cold-Worked Condition Considerations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1282\" data-end=\"1538\"><li data-start=\"1282\" data-end=\"1340\"><p data-start=\"1284\" data-end=\"1340\">Cold working increases strength but reduces ductility.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1341\" data-end=\"1453\"><p data-start=\"1343\" data-end=\"1453\"><strong data-start=\"1343\" data-end=\"1369\">Intermediate annealing<\/strong> may be performed between forming operations to restore ductility and workability.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1454\" data-end=\"1538\"><p data-start=\"1456\" data-end=\"1538\">Repeated cold work and annealing allow precise control over strength and hardness.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1540\" data-end=\"1543\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1545\" data-end=\"1580\"><strong data-start=\"1549\" data-end=\"1580\">4. Post-Weld Heat Treatment<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1836\"><li data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1723\"><p data-start=\"1583\" data-end=\"1723\">Welding 347 stainless steel typically does <strong data-start=\"1626\" data-end=\"1661\">not require post-weld annealing<\/strong> for corrosion resistance, thanks to titanium stabilization.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1836\"><p data-start=\"1726\" data-end=\"1836\">Stress relief annealing may be applied in high-temperature service or where dimensional stability is critical.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1838\" data-end=\"1841\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1843\" data-end=\"1865\"><strong data-start=\"1847\" data-end=\"1865\">5. Limitations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1866\" data-end=\"2077\"><li data-start=\"1866\" data-end=\"1983\"><p data-start=\"1868\" data-end=\"1983\">Heat treatment does <strong data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1927\">not significantly increase hardness<\/strong>; 347 relies on cold working for strength enhancement.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1984\" data-end=\"2077\"><p data-start=\"1986\" data-end=\"2077\">Prolonged high-temperature exposure above ~500\u00b0C can reduce the effects of prior cold work.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2079\" data-end=\"2082\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2084\" data-end=\"2099\"><strong data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2099\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2100\" data-end=\"2420\">Heat treatment of 347 stainless steel is focused on <strong data-start=\"2152\" data-end=\"2230\">stress relief, ductility restoration, and maintaining corrosion resistance<\/strong>, rather than hardening. Solution annealing and controlled stress relief help ensure optimal mechanical and chemical performance for <strong data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2419\">welded, cold-worked, and high-temperature components<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1476\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1476\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Heat Resistance <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1476\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c534043 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c534043\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abcd36d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abcd36d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"88\" data-end=\"133\"><strong data-start=\"91\" data-end=\"133\">Heat Resistance of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"135\" data-end=\"384\">347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"160\" data-end=\"210\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> with good high-temperature properties. It is specifically designed for applications requiring <strong data-start=\"305\" data-end=\"358\">resistance to carbide precipitation and oxidation<\/strong> at elevated temperatures.<\/p><hr data-start=\"386\" data-end=\"389\" \/><h3 data-start=\"391\" data-end=\"432\"><strong data-start=\"395\" data-end=\"432\">1. Continuous Service Temperature<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"657\"><li data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"520\"><p data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"520\">Suitable for continuous service in <strong data-start=\"470\" data-end=\"517\">oxidizing atmospheres up to ~870\u00b0C (1600\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"521\" data-end=\"657\"><p data-start=\"523\" data-end=\"657\">Titanium stabilization prevents <strong data-start=\"555\" data-end=\"582\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> and maintains strength during long-term exposure to elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"659\" data-end=\"662\" \/><h3 data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"696\"><strong data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"696\">2. Intermittent Exposure<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"697\" data-end=\"889\"><li data-start=\"697\" data-end=\"805\"><p data-start=\"699\" data-end=\"805\">Can tolerate <strong data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"759\">intermittent exposure up to ~925\u00b0C (1700\u00b0F)<\/strong> without significant scaling or degradation.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"889\"><p data-start=\"808\" data-end=\"889\">Useful for components subject to occasional thermal cycling or transient heating.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"891\" data-end=\"894\" \/><h3 data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"927\"><strong data-start=\"900\" data-end=\"927\">3. Oxidation Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"928\" data-end=\"1211\"><li data-start=\"928\" data-end=\"1023\"><p data-start=\"930\" data-end=\"1023\">Forms a <strong data-start=\"938\" data-end=\"973\">protective chromium oxide layer<\/strong> that resists scaling in oxidizing environments.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1024\" data-end=\"1211\"><p data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1211\">Not suitable for prolonged exposure to strongly oxidizing or sulfidizing atmospheres at extreme temperatures; for these, specialized high-temperature grades such as 310 are recommended.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1213\" data-end=\"1216\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1218\" data-end=\"1269\"><strong data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1269\">4. Thermal Effects on Mechanical Properties<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1270\" data-end=\"1547\"><li data-start=\"1270\" data-end=\"1343\"><p data-start=\"1272\" data-end=\"1343\">Retains good tensile strength and ductility at elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1460\"><p data-start=\"1346\" data-end=\"1460\">High-temperature exposure does <strong data-start=\"1377\" data-end=\"1426\">not significantly reduce corrosion resistance<\/strong>, due to titanium stabilization.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1461\" data-end=\"1547\"><p data-start=\"1463\" data-end=\"1547\">Prolonged exposure above 900\u00b0C can lead to grain growth, which may reduce toughness.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1549\" data-end=\"1552\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1554\" data-end=\"1604\"><strong data-start=\"1558\" data-end=\"1604\">5. Applications Related to Heat Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1758\"><li data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1638\"><p data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1638\">Boiler and furnace components<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1639\" data-end=\"1658\"><p data-start=\"1641\" data-end=\"1658\">Heat exchangers<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1710\"><p data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1710\">Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1711\" data-end=\"1758\"><p data-start=\"1713\" data-end=\"1758\">High-temperature piping and welded assemblies<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1763\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1765\" data-end=\"1813\"><strong data-start=\"1769\" data-end=\"1813\">6. Comparison to Other Austenitic Grades<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"2109\"><li data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"1900\"><p data-start=\"1816\" data-end=\"1900\">Heat resistance is <strong data-start=\"1835\" data-end=\"1854\">better than 304<\/strong> in welded or high-temperature applications.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1901\" data-end=\"2017\"><p data-start=\"1903\" data-end=\"2017\">Slightly lower high-temperature strength than 310 but more corrosion-resistant than unstabilized 304 in the HAZ.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2018\" data-end=\"2109\"><p data-start=\"2020\" data-end=\"2109\">Titanium stabilization ensures reliability in long-term service at elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2111\" data-end=\"2114\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2131\"><strong data-start=\"2120\" data-end=\"2131\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2132\" data-end=\"2461\">347 stainless steel provides <strong data-start=\"2161\" data-end=\"2203\">excellent high-temperature performance<\/strong> up to ~870\u00b0C for continuous service. Its titanium stabilization prevents carbide precipitation, maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical strength in welded and heat-exposed components, making it ideal for industrial and high-temperature applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1477\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"8\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1477\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Hot Working <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1477\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-855e07d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"855e07d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d41ab5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d41ab5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"88\" data-end=\"133\"><strong data-start=\"91\" data-end=\"133\">Heat Resistance of 347 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"135\" data-end=\"384\">347 stainless steel is a <strong data-start=\"160\" data-end=\"210\">titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> with good high-temperature properties. It is specifically designed for applications requiring <strong data-start=\"305\" data-end=\"358\">resistance to carbide precipitation and oxidation<\/strong> at elevated temperatures.<\/p><hr data-start=\"386\" data-end=\"389\" \/><h3 data-start=\"391\" data-end=\"432\"><strong data-start=\"395\" data-end=\"432\">1. Continuous Service Temperature<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"657\"><li data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"520\"><p data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"520\">Suitable for continuous service in <strong data-start=\"470\" data-end=\"517\">oxidizing atmospheres up to ~870\u00b0C (1600\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"521\" data-end=\"657\"><p data-start=\"523\" data-end=\"657\">Titanium stabilization prevents <strong data-start=\"555\" data-end=\"582\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> and maintains strength during long-term exposure to elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"659\" data-end=\"662\" \/><h3 data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"696\"><strong data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"696\">2. Intermittent Exposure<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"697\" data-end=\"889\"><li data-start=\"697\" data-end=\"805\"><p data-start=\"699\" data-end=\"805\">Can tolerate <strong data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"759\">intermittent exposure up to ~925\u00b0C (1700\u00b0F)<\/strong> without significant scaling or degradation.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"889\"><p data-start=\"808\" data-end=\"889\">Useful for components subject to occasional thermal cycling or transient heating.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"891\" data-end=\"894\" \/><h3 data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"927\"><strong data-start=\"900\" data-end=\"927\">3. Oxidation Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"928\" data-end=\"1211\"><li data-start=\"928\" data-end=\"1023\"><p data-start=\"930\" data-end=\"1023\">Forms a <strong data-start=\"938\" data-end=\"973\">protective chromium oxide layer<\/strong> that resists scaling in oxidizing environments.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1024\" data-end=\"1211\"><p data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1211\">Not suitable for prolonged exposure to strongly oxidizing or sulfidizing atmospheres at extreme temperatures; for these, specialized high-temperature grades such as 310 are recommended.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1213\" data-end=\"1216\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1218\" data-end=\"1269\"><strong data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1269\">4. Thermal Effects on Mechanical Properties<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1270\" data-end=\"1547\"><li data-start=\"1270\" data-end=\"1343\"><p data-start=\"1272\" data-end=\"1343\">Retains good tensile strength and ductility at elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1460\"><p data-start=\"1346\" data-end=\"1460\">High-temperature exposure does <strong data-start=\"1377\" data-end=\"1426\">not significantly reduce corrosion resistance<\/strong>, due to titanium stabilization.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1461\" data-end=\"1547\"><p data-start=\"1463\" data-end=\"1547\">Prolonged exposure above 900\u00b0C can lead to grain growth, which may reduce toughness.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1549\" data-end=\"1552\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1554\" data-end=\"1604\"><strong data-start=\"1558\" data-end=\"1604\">5. Applications Related to Heat Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1758\"><li data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1638\"><p data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1638\">Boiler and furnace components<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1639\" data-end=\"1658\"><p data-start=\"1641\" data-end=\"1658\">Heat exchangers<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1710\"><p data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1710\">Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1711\" data-end=\"1758\"><p data-start=\"1713\" data-end=\"1758\">High-temperature piping and welded assemblies<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1763\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1765\" data-end=\"1813\"><strong data-start=\"1769\" data-end=\"1813\">6. Comparison to Other Austenitic Grades<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"2109\"><li data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"1900\"><p data-start=\"1816\" data-end=\"1900\">Heat resistance is <strong data-start=\"1835\" data-end=\"1854\">better than 304<\/strong> in welded or high-temperature applications.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1901\" data-end=\"2017\"><p data-start=\"1903\" data-end=\"2017\">Slightly lower high-temperature strength than <a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/s310h-stainless-steel-s31009-pipe-fittings\/\">310<\/a> but more corrosion-resistant than unstabilized <a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/304-stainless-steel-s30400\/\">304<\/a> in the HAZ.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2018\" data-end=\"2109\"><p data-start=\"2020\" data-end=\"2109\">Titanium stabilization ensures reliability in long-term service at elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2111\" data-end=\"2114\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2131\"><strong data-start=\"2120\" data-end=\"2131\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2132\" data-end=\"2461\">347 stainless steel provides <strong data-start=\"2161\" data-end=\"2203\">excellent high-temperature performance<\/strong> up to ~870\u00b0C for continuous service. Its titanium stabilization prevents carbide precipitation, maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical strength in welded and heat-exposed components, making it ideal for industrial and high-temperature applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stainless Steel, Austenitic S34700 (347) Stainless Steel Sheet A stabilized stainless steel similar to type 304 with an addition of columbium and tantalum. Columbium stabilizes this alloy making it immune to chromium carbide precipitation. Alloy 347 is recommended for welded applications that can not tolerate a post anneal. The alloy can operate between 800-1600\u00b0F. 347 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commercial-stainless-steel-alloys"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2440"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}