{"id":2593,"date":"2025-11-14T07:23:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T07:23:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/?p=2593"},"modified":"2025-12-17T11:26:56","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T03:26:56","slug":"304-stainless-steel-s30400","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/304-stainless-steel-s30400\/","title":{"rendered":"304 Stainless Steel (S30400)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2593\" class=\"elementor elementor-2593\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2216ee1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2216ee1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3aa664 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e3aa664\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-997efec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"997efec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stainless Steel, Austenitic\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d60a835 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d60a835\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">304 Stainless Steel  (S30400)\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-196236a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"196236a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The most versatile and widely used chromium-nickel (18\/8) austenitic stainless steel.\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63854f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63854f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Stainless steel types 1.4301 and 1.4307 are also known as grades 304 and <a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/304l-stainless-steel-s30403\/\">304L<\/a> respectively. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel. It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 18\/8 which is derived from the nominal composition of type 304 being 18% chromium and 8% nickel.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/304-stainless-steel-s30400\/\">Type 304<\/a> stainless steel is an austenitic grade that can be severely deep drawn. This property has resulted in 304 being the dominant grade used in applications like sinks and saucepans.<\/p><p>Type 304L is the low carbon version of 304. It is used in heavy gauge components for improved weldability. Some products such as plate and pipe may be available as \u201cdual certified\u201d material that meets the criteria for both 304 and 304L.<\/p><p>304H, a high carbon content variant, is also available for use at high temperatures.<\/p><p data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"405\">304 stainless steel is the most widely used austenitic stainless steel, known for its excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and versatile fabrication capabilities. It is often used in industrial, architectural, and household applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2057b7 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c2057b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17c19f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"17c19f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">TALK TO AN EXPERT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dc907f elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"2dc907f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-file-pdf\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M369.9 97.9L286 14C277 5 264.8-.1 252.1-.1H48C21.5 0 0 21.5 0 48v416c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h288c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V131.9c0-12.7-5.1-25-14.1-34zM332.1 128H256V51.9l76.1 76.1zM48 464V48h160v104c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h104v288H48zm250.2-143.7c-12.2-12-47-8.7-64.4-6.5-17.2-10.5-28.7-25-36.8-46.3 3.9-16.1 10.1-40.6 5.4-56-4.2-26.2-37.8-23.6-42.6-5.9-4.4 16.1-.4 38.5 7 67.1-10 23.9-24.9 56-35.4 74.4-20 10.3-47 26.2-51 46.2-3.3 15.8 26 55.2 76.1-31.2 22.4-7.4 46.8-16.5 68.4-20.1 18.9 10.2 41 17 55.8 17 25.5 0 28-28.2 17.5-38.7zm-198.1 77.8c5.1-13.7 24.5-29.5 30.4-35-19 30.3-30.4 35.7-30.4 35zm81.6-190.6c7.4 0 6.7 32.1 1.8 40.8-4.4-13.9-4.3-40.8-1.8-40.8zm-24.4 136.6c9.7-16.9 18-37 24.7-54.7 8.3 15.1 18.9 27.2 30.1 35.5-20.8 4.3-38.9 13.1-54.8 19.2zm131.6-5s-5 6-37.3-7.8c35.1-2.6 40.9 5.4 37.3 7.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDOWNLOAD PDF\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6b2b33 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a6b2b33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61054fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"61054fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Range\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c8c357 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"7c8c357\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-102\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"4\"\n           data-rows=\"13\"\n           data-wpID=\"102\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:25%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Product Form                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:25%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Description                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:25%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Metric Sizes                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:25%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Imperial Sizes                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Round Bar                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Bright Drawn H9                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2.0mm - 25.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1\u20448\" - 1\"                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Round Bar                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Smooth Turned H9\/H10                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        25.0mm - 60.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1\" - 3\"                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Flat Bar                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Rolled Edge                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        12mm x 3mm - 100mm x 12mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Square Bar                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        304S11\/S31                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        12mm x 12mm - 50mm x 50mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Angle                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        304S31                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        20mm x 20mm x 3mm - 100mm x 100mm x 10mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded Ornamental Tube                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Mirror Polished 600 Grit                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        30mm - 50mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1\u20442\" - 4\"                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded Tube                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Satin Polished 320 Grit                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        16mm - 50mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1\u20442\" - 2\"                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Square Tube                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded, Dull Polished                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        12.7mm x 12.7mm - 10mm - 100mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Handrail Section                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded, Unannealed, Dull Polished                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        42.40mm - 60.30 (2.5mm wall)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1\u00a01\u20442\" - 4 \" (3mm wall)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Square Tube                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded, Unpolished                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        12.7mm x 12.7mm - 250mm x 250mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Rectangular Tube                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded, Unpolished                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        80mm x 40mm - 250mm x 150mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Rectangular Tube                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded, Dull Polished                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        20mm x 10mm - 150mm x 100mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  wpdt-empty-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"D13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"3\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                                            <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-102'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d77cfe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1d77cfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sheet\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfb4745 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"bfb4745\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-103\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"3\"\n           data-rows=\"20\"\n           data-wpID=\"103\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Product Type                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sheet Size                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Thicknesses                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sheet 2B Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.5mm - 3.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sheet 2B Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2500 x 1250                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.5mm - 6.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sheet 2B Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3000 x 1500                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.9mm - 3.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sheet 2R (BA) Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.5mm - 2.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sheet 2R (BA) Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2500 x 1250                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.5mm - 2.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Polished Sheet 240 Silicon                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.6mm - 3.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Polished Sheet 240 Silicon                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2500 x 1250                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.7mm - 6.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Polished Sheet 240 Silicon                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3000 x 1500                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.0mm - 3.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Perforated Sheet (Round Holes)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.0mm - 1.5mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Perforated Sheet (Round Holes)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2500 x 1250                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.7mm - 1.5mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Perforated Sheet (Square Holes)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.5mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        CPP Plate ID Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3.0mm - 6.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A14\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"13\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        CPP Plate ID Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B14\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"13\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2500 x 1250                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C14\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"13\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3.0mm - 12.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A15\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"14\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        CPP Plate ID Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B15\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"14\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3000 x 1500                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C15\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"14\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3.0mm - 12.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A16\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"15\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        CPP Plate ID Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B16\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"15\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        4000 x 2000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C16\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"15\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        2.0mm - 12.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A17\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"16\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Qaurto Plate ID Finish                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B17\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"16\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        5\" - 125\"                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C17\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"16\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        -                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A18\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"17\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Welded Mesh                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B18\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"17\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        90\" x 48\"                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C18\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"17\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        -                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A19\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"18\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Treadplate                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B19\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"18\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3000 x 1000                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C19\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"18\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A20\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"19\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Traedplate                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B20\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"19\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        3000 x 1250                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C20\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"19\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        4.5mm - 8.0mm                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-103'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b2da41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b2da41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\"><strong> PLEASE NOTE<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>If you do not see what you are looking for, please contact your\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/contact\/\">local service centre<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>with your specific requirements.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ff4b0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ff4b0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">304 Stainless Steel  Related Specifications\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc92a70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"fc92a70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-189\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"3\"\n           data-rows=\"13\"\n           data-wpID=\"189\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF1100 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        System \/ Standard                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF1100 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Country \/ Region                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-FF1100 wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:33.333333333333%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Grade \/ Designation                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        AISI                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        304                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        UNS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        International                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        S30400                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        EN \/ W.Nr.                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Europe                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.4301                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        EN Name                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Europe                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        X5CrNi18-10                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A240                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        304 (plate, sheet, strip)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A276                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        304 (bars, shapes)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A213                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        TP304 (boiler \/ HX tubes)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        ASTM A312                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        USA                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C9\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"8\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        TP304 (seamless pipe)                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        GB                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        China                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C10\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"9\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0Cr18Ni9                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        JIS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Japan                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C11\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"10\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        SUS304                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        BS                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        UK                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C12\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"11\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        304S15 \/ 304S31                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        AFNOR                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        France                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"C13\"\n                    data-col-index=\"2\"\n                    data-row-index=\"12\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Z7CN18-09                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-189'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-FF1100 { background-color: #FF1100 !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03768d7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"03768d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da0aa6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"da0aa6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Properties\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d578b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"6d578b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1140\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1140\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Chemical Composition <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1140\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70c67d8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70c67d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fbffca elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"4fbffca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-96\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"8\"\n           data-wpID=\"96\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Chemical Element                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        % Present                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Carbon (C)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.20                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Manganese (Mn)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 1.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Silicon (Si)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 1.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Phosphorous (P)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.04                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Sulphur (S)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B6\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"5\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        0.00 - 0.03                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Chromium (Cr)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B7\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"6\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        15.00 - 17.00                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Nickel (Ni)                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B8\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"7\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        1.25 - 2.50                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-96'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1141\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1141\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Mechanical Properties <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1141\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86ba4f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"86ba4f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7bc16d elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"a7bc16d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-97\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"5\"\n           data-wpID=\"97\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Mechanical Property                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Value                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Elongation A50 mm                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        11 %                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Tensile Strength                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        850-1000 MPa                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Proof Stress                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        665 MPa                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Hardness Brinell                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B5\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"4\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        248-302 HB                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-97'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1142\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1142\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> General Physical Properties <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1142\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-662a5a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"662a5a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e83159 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"0e83159\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c row wpDataTableContainerSimpleTable wpDataTables wpDataTablesWrapper\n\"\n    >\n        <table id=\"wpdtSimpleTable-98\"\n           style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\n                   border-spacing:0px;\"\n           class=\"wpdtSimpleTable wpDataTable\"\n           data-column=\"2\"\n           data-rows=\"4\"\n           data-wpID=\"98\"\n           data-responsive=\"0\"\n           data-has-header=\"0\">\n\n                    <tbody>        <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Physical Property                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell wpdt-bc-0D015E wpdt-tc-FFFFFF wpdt-bold remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B1\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"0\"\n                    style=\" width:50%;                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Value                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Density                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B2\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"1\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        7.8 g\/cm\u00b3                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row odd remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Modulus of Elasticity                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B3\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"2\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        200 GPa                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                            <tr class=\"wpdt-cell-row even remove-borders \" >\n                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"A4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"0\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        Thermal Conductivity                    <\/td>\n                                                <td class=\"wpdt-cell  remove-borders \"\n                                            data-cell-id=\"B4\"\n                    data-col-index=\"1\"\n                    data-row-index=\"3\"\n                    style=\"                    padding:10px;\n                    \"\n                    >\n                                        20.2 W\/m.K                    <\/td>\n                                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/table>\n<\/div><style id='wpdt-custom-style-98'>\n\/* \u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c {\n    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\/* \u4ec5\u8868\u5934\u5706\u89d2 *\/\n.wpdt-c thead th:first-child {\n    border-top-left-radius: 8px;\n}\n\n.wpdt-c thead th:last-child {\n    border-top-right-radius: 8px;\n}.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > tbody > tr > td{ border: none !important; }\n.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable > thead > tr > th{ border: none !important; }\n.wpdt-bc-0D015E { background-color: #0D015E !important;}\n.wpdt-tc-FFFFFF { color: #FFFFFF !important;}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \/* th font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable.bt[data-has-header='1'] td.wpdt-header-classes,\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable thead th,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th {\n        color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting:after,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_asc:after {\n        border-bottom-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead th.sorting_desc:after {\n        border-top-color: #000000 !important;\n    }\n\n        \n                    \/* even rows background color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable tr.even td,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.has-columns-hidden tr.row-detail > td {\n        background-color: #FDF6F6 !important;\n    }\n\n                                                                                    \n                <\/style>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4da448f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4da448f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c62d1 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26c62d1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36e89cb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"36e89cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24dd9d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24dd9d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"83\" data-end=\"125\"><strong data-start=\"86\" data-end=\"125\">Applications of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"384\"><strong data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"150\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"187\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> known for its <strong data-start=\"202\" data-end=\"291\">excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and versatile formability<\/strong>. It is widely used across <strong data-start=\"318\" data-end=\"381\">industrial, household, food, and architectural applications<\/strong>.<\/p><hr data-start=\"386\" data-end=\"389\" \/><h3 data-start=\"391\" data-end=\"428\"><strong data-start=\"395\" data-end=\"428\">1. Food and Beverage Industry<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"591\"><li data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"481\"><p data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"481\">Food processing equipment, tanks, and containers<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"482\" data-end=\"530\"><p data-start=\"484\" data-end=\"530\">Brewing, dairy, and pharmaceutical machinery<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"531\" data-end=\"591\"><p data-start=\"533\" data-end=\"591\">Piping, valves, and fittings requiring hygienic surfaces<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"593\" data-end=\"596\" \/><h3 data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"644\"><strong data-start=\"602\" data-end=\"644\">2. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"645\" data-end=\"823\"><li data-start=\"645\" data-end=\"696\"><p data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"696\">Chemical processing equipment and storage tanks<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"697\" data-end=\"748\"><p data-start=\"699\" data-end=\"748\">Heat exchangers, condensers, and piping systems<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"749\" data-end=\"823\"><p data-start=\"751\" data-end=\"823\">Components exposed to acids, alkalis, and other corrosive environments<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"825\" data-end=\"828\" \/><h3 data-start=\"830\" data-end=\"875\"><strong data-start=\"834\" data-end=\"875\">3. Household and Kitchen Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"876\" data-end=\"979\"><li data-start=\"876\" data-end=\"919\"><p data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"919\">Sinks, kitchen appliances, and utensils<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"979\"><p data-start=\"922\" data-end=\"979\">Decorative trims, handrails, and architectural hardware<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"981\" data-end=\"984\" \/><h3 data-start=\"986\" data-end=\"1038\"><strong data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1038\">4. Industrial and Manufacturing Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1239\"><li data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1097\"><p data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1097\">Pumps, valves, and fasteners in corrosive environments<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1098\" data-end=\"1163\"><p data-start=\"1100\" data-end=\"1163\">Machinery and equipment exposed to moisture or mild chemicals<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1164\" data-end=\"1239\"><p data-start=\"1166\" data-end=\"1239\">Structural components requiring <strong data-start=\"1198\" data-end=\"1237\">durability and corrosion resistance<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1241\" data-end=\"1244\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1246\" data-end=\"1296\"><strong data-start=\"1250\" data-end=\"1296\">5. Medical and Pharmaceutical Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1297\" data-end=\"1469\"><li data-start=\"1297\" data-end=\"1341\"><p data-start=\"1299\" data-end=\"1341\">Surgical instruments and medical devices<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1342\" data-end=\"1403\"><p data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1403\">Laboratory benches and components requiring sterilization<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1404\" data-end=\"1469\"><p data-start=\"1406\" data-end=\"1469\">Equipment where hygiene and corrosion resistance are critical<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1471\" data-end=\"1474\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1476\" data-end=\"1491\"><strong data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1491\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1492\" data-end=\"1785\">304 stainless steel is highly versatile, providing <strong data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1604\">excellent corrosion resistance, strength, and formability<\/strong>. Its applications span <strong data-start=\"1628\" data-end=\"1701\">food processing, chemical, household, medical, and industrial sectors<\/strong>, making it ideal for environments where <strong data-start=\"1742\" data-end=\"1782\">durability and hygiene are essential<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e19251 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7e19251\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f314100 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f314100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1170341 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1170341\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"86\" data-end=\"131\"><strong data-start=\"89\" data-end=\"131\">Characteristics of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"133\" data-end=\"417\"><strong data-start=\"133\" data-end=\"156\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"163\" data-end=\"193\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> widely used for its <strong data-start=\"214\" data-end=\"303\">excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and versatile formability<\/strong>. It is suitable for a broad range of applications in <strong data-start=\"357\" data-end=\"414\">industrial, household, and architectural environments<\/strong>.<\/p><hr data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"422\" \/><h3 data-start=\"424\" data-end=\"455\"><strong data-start=\"428\" data-end=\"455\">1. Chemical Composition<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"456\" data-end=\"683\"><li data-start=\"456\" data-end=\"516\"><p data-start=\"458\" data-end=\"516\">Contains <strong data-start=\"467\" data-end=\"488\">chromium (18\u201320%)<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"493\" data-end=\"513\">nickel (8\u201310.5%)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"594\"><p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"594\">Low carbon content ensures <strong data-start=\"546\" data-end=\"591\">good corrosion resistance and weldability<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"595\" data-end=\"683\"><p data-start=\"597\" data-end=\"683\">Trace elements like manganese, silicon, and phosphorus enhance mechanical stability.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"688\" \/><h3 data-start=\"690\" data-end=\"721\"><strong data-start=\"694\" data-end=\"721\">2. Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"722\" data-end=\"979\"><li data-start=\"722\" data-end=\"803\"><p data-start=\"724\" data-end=\"803\">Excellent resistance to <strong data-start=\"748\" data-end=\"800\">oxidation, atmospheric corrosion, and mild acids<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"804\" data-end=\"880\"><p data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"880\">Performs well in <strong data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"877\">indoor, outdoor, and mildly corrosive environments<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"881\" data-end=\"979\"><p data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"979\">Notably resistant to <strong data-start=\"904\" data-end=\"925\">rust and staining<\/strong>, making it ideal for hygiene-critical applications.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"981\" data-end=\"984\" \/><h3 data-start=\"986\" data-end=\"1018\"><strong data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1018\">3. Mechanical Properties<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1019\" data-end=\"1197\"><li data-start=\"1019\" data-end=\"1068\"><p data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1068\">High <strong data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1065\">tensile strength and yield strength<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1069\" data-end=\"1137\"><p data-start=\"1071\" data-end=\"1137\">Excellent <strong data-start=\"1081\" data-end=\"1108\">ductility and toughness<\/strong>, even at low temperatures.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1138\" data-end=\"1197\"><p data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1197\">Maintains properties over a wide range of temperatures.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1199\" data-end=\"1202\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1242\"><strong data-start=\"1208\" data-end=\"1242\">4. Fabrication and Formability<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1493\"><li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1352\"><p data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1352\">Excellent <strong data-start=\"1255\" data-end=\"1299\">cold working and forming characteristics<\/strong>, suitable for deep drawing, bending, and stamping.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1353\" data-end=\"1427\"><p data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1427\">Can be <strong data-start=\"1362\" data-end=\"1379\">welded easily<\/strong> with minimal risk of intergranular corrosion.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1493\"><p data-start=\"1430\" data-end=\"1493\">Machinable, though slightly less so than 303 stainless steel.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1498\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1500\" data-end=\"1542\"><strong data-start=\"1504\" data-end=\"1542\">5. Heat and Temperature Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1718\"><li data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1642\"><p data-start=\"1545\" data-end=\"1642\">Performs well at <strong data-start=\"1562\" data-end=\"1587\">moderate temperatures<\/strong>, with intermittent service up to <strong data-start=\"1621\" data-end=\"1639\">870\u00b0C (1600\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1643\" data-end=\"1718\"><p data-start=\"1645\" data-end=\"1718\">Continuous service temperatures should remain below <strong data-start=\"1697\" data-end=\"1715\">925\u00b0C (1700\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1720\" data-end=\"1723\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1725\" data-end=\"1748\"><strong data-start=\"1729\" data-end=\"1748\">6. Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1749\" data-end=\"1946\"><li data-start=\"1749\" data-end=\"1791\"><p data-start=\"1751\" data-end=\"1791\">Food and beverage processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1792\" data-end=\"1833\"><p data-start=\"1794\" data-end=\"1833\">Chemical and pharmaceutical machinery<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1834\" data-end=\"1884\"><p data-start=\"1836\" data-end=\"1884\">Kitchen appliances, sinks, and household items<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1885\" data-end=\"1946\"><p data-start=\"1887\" data-end=\"1946\">Architectural components, handrails, and decorative trims<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"1951\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"1968\"><strong data-start=\"1957\" data-end=\"1968\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1969\" data-end=\"2317\">304 stainless steel is characterized by <strong data-start=\"2009\" data-end=\"2112\">excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength, high ductility, and versatile formability<\/strong>. Its combination of properties makes it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2163\" data-end=\"2230\">industrial, household, chemical, and architectural applications<\/strong>, particularly where <strong data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2300\">durability, hygiene, and corrosion resistance<\/strong> are important.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b874b67 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b874b67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9da11ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9da11ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additional Information\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b95d09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"7b95d09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1290\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1290\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Fabrication <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1290\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fbf2ff e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9fbf2ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5921e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5921e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"98\" data-end=\"139\"><strong data-start=\"101\" data-end=\"139\">Fabrication of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"141\" data-end=\"408\"><strong data-start=\"141\" data-end=\"164\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is a widely used <strong data-start=\"182\" data-end=\"212\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> known for its <strong data-start=\"227\" data-end=\"277\">excellent corrosion resistance and formability<\/strong>. Its fabrication characteristics make it suitable for a wide range of <strong data-start=\"348\" data-end=\"405\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong>.<\/p><hr data-start=\"410\" data-end=\"413\" \/><h3 data-start=\"415\" data-end=\"433\"><strong data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"433\">1. Forming<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"771\"><li data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"529\"><p data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"529\"><strong data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"453\">Cold Working:<\/strong> 304 can be bent, drawn, stamped, or deep-drawn in the annealed condition.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"530\" data-end=\"662\"><p data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"662\"><strong data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"548\">Hot Working:<\/strong> Suitable for hot forging, rolling, or extrusion at controlled temperatures (approx. 1010\u20131120\u00b0C \/ 1850\u20132050\u00b0F).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"663\" data-end=\"771\"><p data-start=\"665\" data-end=\"771\">Work hardens moderately during forming, which may require <strong data-start=\"723\" data-end=\"749\">intermediate annealing<\/strong> for complex shapes.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"773\" data-end=\"776\" \/><h3 data-start=\"778\" data-end=\"798\"><strong data-start=\"782\" data-end=\"798\">2. Machining<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"799\" data-end=\"1003\"><li data-start=\"799\" data-end=\"909\"><p data-start=\"801\" data-end=\"909\">Machinable with appropriate <strong data-start=\"829\" data-end=\"857\">cutting tools and speeds<\/strong>, though less machinable than 303 stainless steel.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"910\" data-end=\"1003\"><p data-start=\"912\" data-end=\"1003\">Produces smooth finishes with careful selection of <strong data-start=\"963\" data-end=\"1000\">cutting fluids and tool materials<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1008\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1010\" data-end=\"1028\"><strong data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1028\">3. Welding<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1029\" data-end=\"1309\"><li data-start=\"1029\" data-end=\"1097\"><p data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1097\"><strong data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1056\">Excellent weldability<\/strong> using TIG, MIG, or resistance welding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1098\" data-end=\"1228\"><p data-start=\"1100\" data-end=\"1228\">Low carbon content (\u22640.08%) minimizes carbide precipitation, reducing the risk of <strong data-start=\"1182\" data-end=\"1209\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> in welded areas.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1229\" data-end=\"1309\"><p data-start=\"1231\" data-end=\"1309\">Post-weld annealing or passivation can further enhance corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1311\" data-end=\"1314\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1316\" data-end=\"1344\"><strong data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1344\">4. Surface Finishing<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1345\" data-end=\"1506\"><li data-start=\"1345\" data-end=\"1440\"><p data-start=\"1347\" data-end=\"1440\">Can be <strong data-start=\"1354\" data-end=\"1390\">polished, brushed, or passivated<\/strong> to improve aesthetics and corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1441\" data-end=\"1506\"><p data-start=\"1443\" data-end=\"1506\">Suitable for both <strong data-start=\"1461\" data-end=\"1503\">functional and decorative applications<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1508\" data-end=\"1511\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1513\" data-end=\"1569\"><strong data-start=\"1517\" data-end=\"1569\">5. Advantages of 304 Stainless Steel Fabrication<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1570\" data-end=\"1772\"><li data-start=\"1570\" data-end=\"1621\"><p data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1621\">Versatile forming options (cold or hot working)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1622\" data-end=\"1669\"><p data-start=\"1624\" data-end=\"1669\">Good weldability for assembly of components<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1670\" data-end=\"1715\"><p data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1715\">Can achieve high-quality surface finishes<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1716\" data-end=\"1772\"><p data-start=\"1718\" data-end=\"1772\">Maintains <strong data-start=\"1728\" data-end=\"1752\">corrosion resistance<\/strong> after fabrication<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1774\" data-end=\"1777\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1779\" data-end=\"1802\"><strong data-start=\"1783\" data-end=\"1802\">6. Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1992\"><li data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1844\"><p data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1844\">Kitchen and food processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"1905\"><p data-start=\"1847\" data-end=\"1905\">Architectural panels, handrails, and decorative features<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1906\" data-end=\"1949\"><p data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"1949\">Tanks, piping, and industrial equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1950\" data-end=\"1992\"><p data-start=\"1952\" data-end=\"1992\">Medical and pharmaceutical instruments<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1994\" data-end=\"1997\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1999\" data-end=\"2014\"><strong data-start=\"2003\" data-end=\"2014\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2015\" data-end=\"2322\">304 stainless steel is <strong data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2074\">highly versatile for fabrication<\/strong>, offering <strong data-start=\"2085\" data-end=\"2151\">excellent formability, weldability, and surface finish options<\/strong>. These characteristics make it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2193\" data-end=\"2250\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong> requiring <strong data-start=\"2261\" data-end=\"2319\">durability, corrosion resistance, and aesthetic appeal<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1291\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1291\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Weldability <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1291\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3317b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f3317b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51d77a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51d77a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"98\" data-end=\"139\"><strong data-start=\"101\" data-end=\"139\">Weldability of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"141\" data-end=\"434\"><strong data-start=\"141\" data-end=\"164\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"171\" data-end=\"201\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> widely used for its <strong data-start=\"222\" data-end=\"282\">excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties<\/strong>. One of its key advantages is <strong data-start=\"313\" data-end=\"337\">superior weldability<\/strong>, making it suitable for a wide range of industrial, architectural, and household applications.<\/p><hr data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"439\" \/><h3 data-start=\"441\" data-end=\"483\"><strong data-start=\"445\" data-end=\"483\">1. General Welding Characteristics<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"484\" data-end=\"802\"><li data-start=\"484\" data-end=\"593\"><p data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"593\"><strong data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"505\">Easily weldable<\/strong> using standard methods: TIG (GTAW), MIG (GMAW), spot welding, and resistance welding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"594\" data-end=\"700\"><p data-start=\"596\" data-end=\"700\">Low carbon content (\u22640.08%) reduces the risk of <strong data-start=\"644\" data-end=\"671\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> in the heat-affected zone.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"802\"><p data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"802\">Produces <strong data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"749\">strong, corrosion-resistant welds<\/strong> without significant loss of mechanical properties.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"804\" data-end=\"807\" \/><h3 data-start=\"809\" data-end=\"838\"><strong data-start=\"813\" data-end=\"838\">2. Welding Techniques<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"1110\"><li data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"956\"><p data-start=\"841\" data-end=\"956\"><strong data-start=\"841\" data-end=\"856\">TIG (GTAW):<\/strong> Provides precise control and high-quality welds, ideal for thin sheets and critical applications.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"957\" data-end=\"1036\"><p data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"1036\"><strong data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"974\">MIG (GMAW):<\/strong> Efficient for thicker materials and high-volume production.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1110\"><p data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1110\"><strong data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1071\">Spot and resistance welding:<\/strong> Suitable for sheet metal assemblies.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1112\" data-end=\"1115\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1117\" data-end=\"1144\"><strong data-start=\"1121\" data-end=\"1144\">3. Filler Materials<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1344\"><li data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1269\"><p data-start=\"1147\" data-end=\"1269\">Commonly use <strong data-start=\"1160\" data-end=\"1208\">304 or 308 stainless steel filler rods\/wires<\/strong> to maintain corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1270\" data-end=\"1344\"><p data-start=\"1272\" data-end=\"1344\">Selection depends on the specific application and service environment.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1346\" data-end=\"1349\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1351\" data-end=\"1396\"><strong data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1396\">4. Preheating and Post-Weld Treatment<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1397\" data-end=\"1583\"><li data-start=\"1397\" data-end=\"1467\"><p data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1467\"><strong data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1438\">Preheating is generally unnecessary<\/strong> due to low carbon content.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1468\" data-end=\"1583\"><p data-start=\"1470\" data-end=\"1583\"><strong data-start=\"1470\" data-end=\"1508\">Post-weld annealing or passivation<\/strong> can enhance corrosion resistance and restore surface finish if required.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1588\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1590\" data-end=\"1611\"><strong data-start=\"1594\" data-end=\"1611\">5. Advantages<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1612\" data-end=\"1817\"><li data-start=\"1612\" data-end=\"1679\"><p data-start=\"1614\" data-end=\"1679\">Excellent weld quality with <strong data-start=\"1642\" data-end=\"1676\">minimal distortion or cracking<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1680\" data-end=\"1759\"><p data-start=\"1682\" data-end=\"1759\">Maintains <strong data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1740\">corrosion resistance and mechanical strength<\/strong> in welded areas.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1817\"><p data-start=\"1762\" data-end=\"1817\">Suitable for both <strong data-start=\"1780\" data-end=\"1814\">thin sheets and thick sections<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1819\" data-end=\"1822\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1824\" data-end=\"1875\"><strong data-start=\"1828\" data-end=\"1875\">6. Applications Benefiting from Weldability<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"2067\"><li data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"1921\"><p data-start=\"1878\" data-end=\"1921\">Kitchen equipment, sinks, and countertops<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1961\"><p data-start=\"1924\" data-end=\"1961\">Piping, tanks, and pressure vessels<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1962\" data-end=\"2024\"><p data-start=\"1964\" data-end=\"2024\">Architectural panels, handrails, and decorative structures<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2025\" data-end=\"2067\"><p data-start=\"2027\" data-end=\"2067\">Medical and pharmaceutical instruments<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2069\" data-end=\"2072\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2074\" data-end=\"2089\"><strong data-start=\"2078\" data-end=\"2089\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2090\" data-end=\"2414\">304 stainless steel is <strong data-start=\"2113\" data-end=\"2132\">highly weldable<\/strong>, offering <strong data-start=\"2143\" data-end=\"2210\">strong, corrosion-resistant, and aesthetically acceptable welds<\/strong>. Its low carbon content ensures <strong data-start=\"2243\" data-end=\"2283\">minimal intergranular corrosion risk<\/strong>, making it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2362\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong> requiring both <strong data-start=\"2378\" data-end=\"2411\">durability and weld integrity<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1292\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1292\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Machinability <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1292\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd6ca2f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dd6ca2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8ea2a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8ea2a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"100\" data-end=\"143\"><strong data-start=\"103\" data-end=\"143\">Machinability of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"145\" data-end=\"412\"><strong data-start=\"145\" data-end=\"168\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"175\" data-end=\"205\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> well-known for its <strong data-start=\"225\" data-end=\"285\">excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties<\/strong>. However, compared to 303 stainless steel, its <strong data-start=\"333\" data-end=\"362\">machinability is moderate<\/strong>, requiring careful tooling and process control.<\/p><hr data-start=\"414\" data-end=\"417\" \/><h3 data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"455\"><strong data-start=\"423\" data-end=\"455\">1. Machining Characteristics<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"456\" data-end=\"743\"><li data-start=\"456\" data-end=\"552\"><p data-start=\"458\" data-end=\"552\">304 stainless steel <strong data-start=\"478\" data-end=\"502\">work hardens rapidly<\/strong> during machining, which can increase tool wear.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"646\"><p data-start=\"555\" data-end=\"646\">Produces <strong data-start=\"564\" data-end=\"591\">tough, continuous chips<\/strong>, which may require chip breakers or special tooling.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"743\"><p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"743\">Standard machining speeds must be reduced compared to carbon steels to avoid excessive heat.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"745\" data-end=\"748\" \/><h3 data-start=\"750\" data-end=\"784\"><strong data-start=\"754\" data-end=\"784\">2. Tooling Recommendations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"785\" data-end=\"1098\"><li data-start=\"785\" data-end=\"882\"><p data-start=\"787\" data-end=\"882\"><strong data-start=\"787\" data-end=\"806\">Tool materials:<\/strong> High-speed steel (HSS), carbide, or coated carbide tools are recommended.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"982\"><p data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"982\"><strong data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"904\">Cutting speeds:<\/strong> Lower than mild steel; increase feed rate gradually to reduce heat buildup.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"1098\"><p data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1098\"><strong data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1009\">Coolant\/Lubrication:<\/strong> Use cutting fluids to <strong data-start=\"1032\" data-end=\"1095\">reduce friction, dissipate heat, and improve surface finish<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1100\" data-end=\"1103\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1136\"><strong data-start=\"1109\" data-end=\"1136\">3. Machining Operations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1137\" data-end=\"1413\"><li data-start=\"1137\" data-end=\"1235\"><p data-start=\"1139\" data-end=\"1235\"><strong data-start=\"1139\" data-end=\"1151\">Turning:<\/strong> Requires slower speeds and frequent tool changes; good surface finish achievable.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1236\" data-end=\"1314\"><p data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1314\"><strong data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1250\">Milling:<\/strong> Use sharp tools and moderate depth of cut; avoid overheating.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1315\" data-end=\"1413\"><p data-start=\"1317\" data-end=\"1413\"><strong data-start=\"1317\" data-end=\"1342\">Drilling and Tapping:<\/strong> Pre-drill larger holes and use proper lubricants to prevent galling.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1415\" data-end=\"1418\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1420\" data-end=\"1441\"><strong data-start=\"1424\" data-end=\"1441\">4. Advantages<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1442\" data-end=\"1632\"><li data-start=\"1442\" data-end=\"1539\"><p data-start=\"1444\" data-end=\"1539\">Can produce <strong data-start=\"1456\" data-end=\"1504\">high-quality, corrosion-resistant components<\/strong> with proper machining practices.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1540\" data-end=\"1632\"><p data-start=\"1542\" data-end=\"1632\">Suitable for <strong data-start=\"1555\" data-end=\"1574\">precision parts<\/strong> in industrial, food, and chemical processing equipment.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1634\" data-end=\"1637\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1639\" data-end=\"1661\"><strong data-start=\"1643\" data-end=\"1661\">5. Limitations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1662\" data-end=\"1848\"><li data-start=\"1662\" data-end=\"1740\"><p data-start=\"1664\" data-end=\"1740\">Less machinable than 303 stainless steel due to the <strong data-start=\"1716\" data-end=\"1737\">absence of sulfur<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1741\" data-end=\"1848\"><p data-start=\"1743\" data-end=\"1848\">Requires careful <strong data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1802\">tool selection, speed, and lubrication<\/strong> to avoid excessive wear and work hardening.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1850\" data-end=\"1853\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1855\" data-end=\"1908\"><strong data-start=\"1859\" data-end=\"1908\">6. Applications Benefiting from Machinability<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1909\" data-end=\"2077\"><li data-start=\"1909\" data-end=\"1951\"><p data-start=\"1911\" data-end=\"1951\">Food and beverage processing machinery<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1952\" data-end=\"1984\"><p data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"1984\">Piping, valves, and fittings<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1985\" data-end=\"2034\"><p data-start=\"1987\" data-end=\"2034\">Industrial and chemical processing components<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2035\" data-end=\"2077\"><p data-start=\"2037\" data-end=\"2077\">Medical and pharmaceutical instruments<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2079\" data-end=\"2082\" \/><h3 data-start=\"2084\" data-end=\"2099\"><strong data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2099\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"2100\" data-end=\"2455\">304 stainless steel has <strong data-start=\"2124\" data-end=\"2150\">moderate machinability<\/strong>, requiring <strong data-start=\"2162\" data-end=\"2218\">appropriate tooling, cutting speeds, and lubrication<\/strong> to achieve precise components. While not as easily machined as 303 stainless steel, it offers <strong data-start=\"2313\" data-end=\"2373\">excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties<\/strong>, making it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2452\">industrial, medical, and food-processing applications<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1293\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1293\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Corrosion Resistance <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1293\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfea677 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dfea677\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc90b15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc90b15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"107\" data-end=\"157\"><strong data-start=\"110\" data-end=\"157\">Corrosion Resistance of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"159\" data-end=\"388\"><strong data-start=\"159\" data-end=\"182\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"189\" data-end=\"219\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> known for its <strong data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"268\">excellent corrosion resistance<\/strong>, making it one of the most widely used stainless steels in <strong data-start=\"328\" data-end=\"385\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong>.<\/p><hr data-start=\"390\" data-end=\"393\" \/><h3 data-start=\"395\" data-end=\"434\"><strong data-start=\"399\" data-end=\"434\">1. General Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"627\"><li data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"499\"><p data-start=\"437\" data-end=\"499\">Highly resistant to <strong data-start=\"457\" data-end=\"496\">oxidation and atmospheric corrosion<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"500\" data-end=\"557\"><p data-start=\"502\" data-end=\"557\">Performs well in <strong data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"554\">indoor and outdoor environments<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"558\" data-end=\"627\"><p data-start=\"560\" data-end=\"627\">Maintains integrity in <strong data-start=\"583\" data-end=\"624\">humid and mildly corrosive conditions<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"629\" data-end=\"632\" \/><h3 data-start=\"634\" data-end=\"668\"><strong data-start=\"638\" data-end=\"668\">2. Resistance to Chemicals<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"669\" data-end=\"943\"><li data-start=\"669\" data-end=\"763\"><p data-start=\"671\" data-end=\"763\">Excellent resistance to <strong data-start=\"695\" data-end=\"760\">food acids, alkaline solutions, and many industrial chemicals<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"764\" data-end=\"854\"><p data-start=\"766\" data-end=\"854\">Suitable for <strong data-start=\"779\" data-end=\"851\">food processing, chemical equipment, and pharmaceutical applications<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"855\" data-end=\"943\"><p data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"943\">Less resistant than 316 stainless steel in <strong data-start=\"900\" data-end=\"940\">chloride-rich or marine environments<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"945\" data-end=\"948\" \/><h3 data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"995\"><strong data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"995\">3. Stress and Intergranular Corrosion<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"996\" data-end=\"1267\"><li data-start=\"996\" data-end=\"1079\"><p data-start=\"998\" data-end=\"1079\">Low carbon content (\u22640.08%) minimizes <strong data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1061\">carbide precipitation<\/strong> during welding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1080\" data-end=\"1169\"><p data-start=\"1082\" data-end=\"1169\">Resistant to <strong data-start=\"1095\" data-end=\"1122\">intergranular corrosion<\/strong> even after welding when properly fabricated.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1170\" data-end=\"1267\"><p data-start=\"1172\" data-end=\"1267\">Sensitive to <strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1234\">chloride-induced pitting or crevice corrosion<\/strong> in high-salinity environments.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1269\" data-end=\"1272\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1274\" data-end=\"1302\"><strong data-start=\"1278\" data-end=\"1302\">4. Surface Treatment<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1303\" data-end=\"1439\"><li data-start=\"1303\" data-end=\"1373\"><p data-start=\"1305\" data-end=\"1373\">Can be <strong data-start=\"1312\" data-end=\"1338\">polished or passivated<\/strong> to improve corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1374\" data-end=\"1439\"><p data-start=\"1376\" data-end=\"1439\">Surface finishing enhances both <strong data-start=\"1408\" data-end=\"1436\">appearance and longevity<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1441\" data-end=\"1444\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1446\" data-end=\"1506\"><strong data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1506\">5. Applications Benefiting from Corrosion Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1507\" data-end=\"1743\"><li data-start=\"1507\" data-end=\"1550\"><p data-start=\"1509\" data-end=\"1550\">Kitchen appliances, sinks, and cookware<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1593\"><p data-start=\"1553\" data-end=\"1593\">Food and beverage processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1594\" data-end=\"1656\"><p data-start=\"1596\" data-end=\"1656\">Architectural panels, handrails, and decorative structures<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1657\" data-end=\"1700\"><p data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1700\">Tanks, piping, and industrial machinery<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1701\" data-end=\"1743\"><p data-start=\"1703\" data-end=\"1743\">Medical and pharmaceutical instruments<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1745\" data-end=\"1748\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1750\" data-end=\"1765\"><strong data-start=\"1754\" data-end=\"1765\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1766\" data-end=\"2090\">304 stainless steel exhibits <strong data-start=\"1795\" data-end=\"1829\">excellent corrosion resistance<\/strong> in a wide range of environments, including <strong data-start=\"1873\" data-end=\"1936\">industrial, food processing, and architectural applications<\/strong>. Its <strong data-start=\"1942\" data-end=\"1964\">low carbon content<\/strong> ensures weldability without compromising corrosion resistance, making it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2048\" data-end=\"2087\">durable and long-lasting components<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1294\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1294\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Cold Working <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1294\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fe1f01 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1fe1f01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a12a8ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a12a8ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"99\" data-end=\"141\"><strong data-start=\"102\" data-end=\"141\">Cold Working of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"143\" data-end=\"414\"><strong data-start=\"143\" data-end=\"166\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"173\" data-end=\"203\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> widely used for its <strong data-start=\"224\" data-end=\"298\">excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and formability<\/strong>. It responds well to <strong data-start=\"320\" data-end=\"336\">cold working<\/strong>, which can improve strength and hardness but also increases work hardening.<\/p><hr data-start=\"416\" data-end=\"419\" \/><h3 data-start=\"421\" data-end=\"460\"><strong data-start=\"425\" data-end=\"460\">1. Cold Working Characteristics<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"461\" data-end=\"701\"><li data-start=\"461\" data-end=\"538\"><p data-start=\"463\" data-end=\"538\">Can be <strong data-start=\"470\" data-end=\"509\">bent, drawn, stamped, or deep-drawn<\/strong> in the annealed condition.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"539\" data-end=\"620\"><p data-start=\"541\" data-end=\"620\">Cold working increases <strong data-start=\"564\" data-end=\"589\">strength and hardness<\/strong> due to <strong data-start=\"597\" data-end=\"617\">strain hardening<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"701\"><p data-start=\"623\" data-end=\"701\">Excessive deformation may reduce <strong data-start=\"656\" data-end=\"669\">ductility<\/strong> and requires careful control.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"706\" \/><h3 data-start=\"708\" data-end=\"729\"><strong data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"729\">2. Techniques<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"730\" data-end=\"1015\"><li data-start=\"730\" data-end=\"835\"><p data-start=\"732\" data-end=\"835\"><strong data-start=\"732\" data-end=\"756\">Bending and forming:<\/strong> Suitable for moderate bends; sharp bends may require intermediate annealing.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"836\" data-end=\"918\"><p data-start=\"838\" data-end=\"918\"><strong data-start=\"838\" data-end=\"855\">Deep drawing:<\/strong> Excellent, especially in thin sheets, due to good ductility.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"1015\"><p data-start=\"921\" data-end=\"1015\"><strong data-start=\"921\" data-end=\"945\">Rolling or stamping:<\/strong> Can achieve complex shapes with proper tooling and process control.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1017\" data-end=\"1020\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1022\" data-end=\"1043\"><strong data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1043\">3. Advantages<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1044\" data-end=\"1313\"><li data-start=\"1044\" data-end=\"1127\"><p data-start=\"1046\" data-end=\"1127\">Cold working improves <strong data-start=\"1068\" data-end=\"1101\">tensile strength and hardness<\/strong> without heat treatment.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1128\" data-end=\"1198\"><p data-start=\"1130\" data-end=\"1198\">Enables production of <strong data-start=\"1152\" data-end=\"1195\">precision components and complex shapes<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1199\" data-end=\"1313\"><p data-start=\"1201\" data-end=\"1313\">Maintains <strong data-start=\"1211\" data-end=\"1235\">corrosion resistance<\/strong> when proper annealing and passivation are applied after severe deformation.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1315\" data-end=\"1318\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1342\"><strong data-start=\"1324\" data-end=\"1342\">4. Limitations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1343\" data-end=\"1581\"><li data-start=\"1343\" data-end=\"1447\"><p data-start=\"1345\" data-end=\"1447\">Work hardens quickly, which may require <strong data-start=\"1385\" data-end=\"1411\">intermediate annealing<\/strong> for extensive forming operations.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1581\"><p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1581\">Excessive cold working can increase <strong data-start=\"1486\" data-end=\"1507\">internal stresses<\/strong>, potentially leading to distortion or cracking in subsequent processes.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1583\" data-end=\"1586\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1588\" data-end=\"1640\"><strong data-start=\"1592\" data-end=\"1640\">5. Applications Benefiting from Cold Working<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1641\" data-end=\"1852\"><li data-start=\"1641\" data-end=\"1703\"><p data-start=\"1643\" data-end=\"1703\">Architectural panels, handrails, and decorative structures<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1704\" data-end=\"1746\"><p data-start=\"1706\" data-end=\"1746\">Food and beverage processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1747\" data-end=\"1787\"><p data-start=\"1749\" data-end=\"1787\">Tubing, piping, and pressure vessels<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1788\" data-end=\"1852\"><p data-start=\"1790\" data-end=\"1852\">Automotive and aerospace components requiring high precision<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1857\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1859\" data-end=\"1874\"><strong data-start=\"1863\" data-end=\"1874\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"2186\">304 stainless steel can be <strong data-start=\"1902\" data-end=\"1929\">effectively cold worked<\/strong> to produce strong, precision components. Cold working enhances <strong data-start=\"1993\" data-end=\"2018\">strength and hardness<\/strong> while retaining <strong data-start=\"2035\" data-end=\"2059\">corrosion resistance<\/strong>, making it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2081\" data-end=\"2138\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong> requiring durable and precisely formed parts.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1295\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1295\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Heat Treatment <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1295\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1324555 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1324555\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a9af1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a9af1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"101\" data-end=\"145\"><strong data-start=\"104\" data-end=\"145\">Heat Treatment of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"147\" data-end=\"501\"><strong data-start=\"147\" data-end=\"170\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"177\" data-end=\"207\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> widely used for its <strong data-start=\"228\" data-end=\"278\">excellent corrosion resistance and formability<\/strong>. While 304 cannot be hardened by conventional heat treatment, it can undergo <strong data-start=\"356\" data-end=\"397\">annealing or stress-relief treatments<\/strong> to improve ductility, reduce internal stresses, and restore properties after cold working or welding.<\/p><hr data-start=\"503\" data-end=\"506\" \/><h3 data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"528\"><strong data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"528\">1. Annealing<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"529\" data-end=\"918\"><li data-start=\"529\" data-end=\"631\"><p data-start=\"531\" data-end=\"631\"><strong data-start=\"531\" data-end=\"543\">Purpose:<\/strong> Relieves internal stresses, softens the material for forming, and restores ductility.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"632\" data-end=\"848\"><p data-start=\"634\" data-end=\"648\"><strong data-start=\"634\" data-end=\"646\">Process:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"651\" data-end=\"848\"><li data-start=\"651\" data-end=\"693\"><p data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"693\">Heat to <strong data-start=\"661\" data-end=\"690\">1010\u20131120\u00b0C (1850\u20132050\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"758\"><p data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"758\">Hold at temperature long enough to ensure uniform heating.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"761\" data-end=\"848\"><p data-start=\"763\" data-end=\"848\">Cool rapidly in <strong data-start=\"779\" data-end=\"814\">air, water, or quenching medium<\/strong> to avoid carbide precipitation.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-start=\"849\" data-end=\"918\"><p data-start=\"851\" data-end=\"918\">Restores corrosion resistance and workability after cold working.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"923\" \/><h3 data-start=\"925\" data-end=\"949\"><strong data-start=\"929\" data-end=\"949\">2. Stress Relief<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"1267\"><li data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"1034\"><p data-start=\"952\" data-end=\"1034\"><strong data-start=\"952\" data-end=\"964\">Purpose:<\/strong> Reduces residual stresses caused by forming, machining, or welding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1035\" data-end=\"1186\"><p data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1051\"><strong data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1049\">Process:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"1054\" data-end=\"1186\"><li data-start=\"1054\" data-end=\"1093\"><p data-start=\"1056\" data-end=\"1093\">Heat to <strong data-start=\"1064\" data-end=\"1090\">450\u2013650\u00b0C (840\u20131200\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1096\" data-end=\"1147\"><p data-start=\"1098\" data-end=\"1147\">Hold for 1\u20132 hours depending on part thickness.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1150\" data-end=\"1186\"><p data-start=\"1152\" data-end=\"1186\">Cool slowly to room temperature.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-start=\"1187\" data-end=\"1267\"><p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1267\">Minimizes <strong data-start=\"1199\" data-end=\"1235\">distortion, warping, or cracking<\/strong> during subsequent processing.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1269\" data-end=\"1272\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1274\" data-end=\"1294\"><strong data-start=\"1278\" data-end=\"1294\">3. Hardening<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1461\"><li data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1360\"><p data-start=\"1297\" data-end=\"1360\">304 stainless steel <strong data-start=\"1317\" data-end=\"1357\">cannot be hardened by heat treatment<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1361\" data-end=\"1461\"><p data-start=\"1363\" data-end=\"1461\">Strengthening is achieved primarily through <strong data-start=\"1407\" data-end=\"1423\">cold working<\/strong> rather than quenching or tempering.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1463\" data-end=\"1466\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1468\" data-end=\"1516\"><strong data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1516\">4. Surface Treatment Post Heat-Treatment<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1517\" data-end=\"1693\"><li data-start=\"1517\" data-end=\"1622\"><p data-start=\"1519\" data-end=\"1622\"><strong data-start=\"1519\" data-end=\"1534\">Passivation<\/strong> can be applied to enhance corrosion resistance and remove free iron from the surface.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1623\" data-end=\"1693\"><p data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1693\">Polishing and surface finishing improve durability and aesthetics.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1695\" data-end=\"1698\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1700\" data-end=\"1723\"><strong data-start=\"1704\" data-end=\"1723\">5. Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1937\"><li data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1791\"><p data-start=\"1726\" data-end=\"1791\">Components requiring <strong data-start=\"1747\" data-end=\"1789\">stress relief after welding or forming<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1792\" data-end=\"1851\"><p data-start=\"1794\" data-end=\"1851\">Cold-worked sheets or strips needing restored ductility<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1852\" data-end=\"1937\"><p data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1937\">Industrial and architectural parts requiring corrosion resistance and formability<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1939\" data-end=\"1942\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1944\" data-end=\"1959\"><strong data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"1959\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1960\" data-end=\"2363\">304 stainless steel has <strong data-start=\"1984\" data-end=\"2018\">limited heat treatment options<\/strong>. <strong data-start=\"2020\" data-end=\"2051\">Annealing and stress relief<\/strong> are the primary treatments used to <strong data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2170\">restore ductility, relieve internal stresses, and maintain corrosion resistance<\/strong>. Unlike martensitic steels, 304 relies on <strong data-start=\"2213\" data-end=\"2229\">cold working<\/strong> rather than heat treatment for strength enhancement, making it ideal for <strong data-start=\"2303\" data-end=\"2360\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1296\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1296\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Heat Resistance <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1296\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d410493 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d410493\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50ca4c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50ca4c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"102\" data-end=\"147\"><strong data-start=\"105\" data-end=\"147\">Heat Resistance of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"149\" data-end=\"400\"><strong data-start=\"149\" data-end=\"172\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"179\" data-end=\"209\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> known for its <strong data-start=\"224\" data-end=\"298\">excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and versatility<\/strong>. It also offers <strong data-start=\"315\" data-end=\"339\">good heat resistance<\/strong>, making it suitable for moderate temperature applications.<\/p><hr data-start=\"402\" data-end=\"405\" \/><h3 data-start=\"407\" data-end=\"436\"><strong data-start=\"411\" data-end=\"436\">1. Temperature Limits<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"437\" data-end=\"679\"><li data-start=\"437\" data-end=\"504\"><p data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"504\"><strong data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"462\">Continuous service:<\/strong> Up to approximately <strong data-start=\"483\" data-end=\"501\">870\u00b0C (1600\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"505\" data-end=\"574\"><p data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"574\"><strong data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"532\">Intermittent service:<\/strong> Can withstand up to <strong data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"571\">925\u00b0C (1700\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"575\" data-end=\"679\"><p data-start=\"577\" data-end=\"679\">Prolonged exposure above these temperatures may reduce mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"681\" data-end=\"684\" \/><h3 data-start=\"686\" data-end=\"717\"><strong data-start=\"690\" data-end=\"717\">2. Oxidation Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"1004\"><li data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"788\"><p data-start=\"720\" data-end=\"788\">Resists <strong data-start=\"728\" data-end=\"753\">oxidation and scaling<\/strong> in air at moderate temperatures.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"789\" data-end=\"860\"><p data-start=\"791\" data-end=\"860\">Performs well in <strong data-start=\"808\" data-end=\"857\">non-oxidizing or mildly oxidizing atmospheres<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"861\" data-end=\"1004\"><p data-start=\"863\" data-end=\"1004\">Not suitable for <strong data-start=\"880\" data-end=\"954\">continuous high-temperature service in strongly oxidizing environments<\/strong>, where 309 or 310 stainless steel is preferred.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1006\" data-end=\"1009\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1011\" data-end=\"1068\"><strong data-start=\"1015\" data-end=\"1068\">3. Mechanical Properties at Elevated Temperatures<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1069\" data-end=\"1238\"><li data-start=\"1069\" data-end=\"1143\"><p data-start=\"1071\" data-end=\"1143\">Maintains <strong data-start=\"1081\" data-end=\"1115\">tensile strength and toughness<\/strong> at moderate temperatures.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1144\" data-end=\"1238\"><p data-start=\"1146\" data-end=\"1238\">Extended exposure to high heat may cause <strong data-start=\"1187\" data-end=\"1235\">loss of ductility and potential grain growth<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1240\" data-end=\"1243\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1300\"><strong data-start=\"1249\" data-end=\"1300\">4. Applications Benefiting from Heat Resistance<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1301\" data-end=\"1540\"><li data-start=\"1301\" data-end=\"1350\"><p data-start=\"1303\" data-end=\"1350\">Industrial equipment exposed to moderate heat<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1351\" data-end=\"1421\"><p data-start=\"1353\" data-end=\"1421\">Heat exchangers and furnace components in non-extreme environments<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1422\" data-end=\"1474\"><p data-start=\"1424\" data-end=\"1474\">Kitchen appliances and food processing equipment<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1475\" data-end=\"1540\"><p data-start=\"1477\" data-end=\"1540\">Architectural components exposed to sunlight or moderate heat<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1542\" data-end=\"1545\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1547\" data-end=\"1582\"><strong data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1582\">5. Practical Considerations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1583\" data-end=\"1881\"><li data-start=\"1583\" data-end=\"1669\"><p data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1669\">Avoid prolonged service above <strong data-start=\"1615\" data-end=\"1633\">925\u00b0C (1700\u00b0F)<\/strong> to maintain corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1670\" data-end=\"1785\"><p data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1785\">Consider <strong data-start=\"1681\" data-end=\"1720\">higher-temperature stainless steels<\/strong> (e.g., 309, <a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/s310s-stainless-steel-31008-sheet-and-plate\/\">310<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/zhss.org\/metals\/stainless-steel\/commercial-stainless-steel-alloys\/321h-stainless-steel-s32109-fittings-and-flanges\/\">321<\/a>) for applications exceeding these limits.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1786\" data-end=\"1881\"><p data-start=\"1788\" data-end=\"1881\">Heat treatment and surface finishing can help preserve properties at elevated temperatures.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1883\" data-end=\"1886\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1903\"><strong data-start=\"1892\" data-end=\"1903\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1904\" data-end=\"2184\">304 stainless steel has <strong data-start=\"1928\" data-end=\"1952\">good heat resistance<\/strong> suitable for <strong data-start=\"1966\" data-end=\"2003\">moderate-temperature applications<\/strong>, maintaining strength and corrosion resistance. It is ideal for <strong data-start=\"2068\" data-end=\"2125\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong> where temperatures remain within its recommended limits.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1297\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"8\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1297\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Hot Working <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1297\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78b8511 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"78b8511\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ae6084 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0ae6084\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"98\" data-end=\"139\"><strong data-start=\"101\" data-end=\"139\">Hot Working of 304 Stainless Steel<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"141\" data-end=\"383\"><strong data-start=\"141\" data-end=\"164\">304 stainless steel<\/strong> is an <strong data-start=\"171\" data-end=\"201\">austenitic stainless steel<\/strong> known for its <strong data-start=\"216\" data-end=\"266\">excellent corrosion resistance and formability<\/strong>. It can be <strong data-start=\"278\" data-end=\"304\">hot worked effectively<\/strong> under controlled conditions to produce complex shapes or large deformations.<\/p><hr data-start=\"385\" data-end=\"388\" \/><h3 data-start=\"390\" data-end=\"428\"><strong data-start=\"394\" data-end=\"428\">1. Hot Working Characteristics<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"660\"><li data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"495\"><p data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"495\">Suitable for <strong data-start=\"444\" data-end=\"492\">forging, rolling, extrusion, and hot bending<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"496\" data-end=\"589\"><p data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"589\">Hot working <strong data-start=\"510\" data-end=\"536\">reduces work hardening<\/strong>, allowing easier shaping compared to cold working.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"590\" data-end=\"660\"><p data-start=\"592\" data-end=\"660\">High ductility allows for <strong data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"657\">large deformations without cracking<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"665\" \/><h3 data-start=\"667\" data-end=\"708\"><strong data-start=\"671\" data-end=\"708\">2. Recommended Temperature Ranges<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"709\" data-end=\"987\"><li data-start=\"709\" data-end=\"798\"><p data-start=\"711\" data-end=\"798\"><strong data-start=\"711\" data-end=\"742\">Annealed temperature range:<\/strong> 1010\u20131120\u00b0C (1850\u20132050\u00b0F) for hot forming operations.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"799\" data-end=\"904\"><p data-start=\"801\" data-end=\"904\">Avoid overheating above 1120\u00b0C (2050\u00b0F) to prevent <strong data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"901\">grain growth and reduced corrosion resistance<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"905\" data-end=\"987\"><p data-start=\"907\" data-end=\"987\">Controlled <strong data-start=\"918\" data-end=\"929\">cooling<\/strong> after hot working helps maintain mechanical properties.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"989\" data-end=\"992\" \/><h3 data-start=\"994\" data-end=\"1015\"><strong data-start=\"998\" data-end=\"1015\">3. Advantages<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1016\" data-end=\"1194\"><li data-start=\"1016\" data-end=\"1074\"><p data-start=\"1018\" data-end=\"1074\">Enables formation of <strong data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1071\">large and complex components<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1075\" data-end=\"1130\"><p data-start=\"1077\" data-end=\"1130\">Reduces internal stresses compared to cold working.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1131\" data-end=\"1194\"><p data-start=\"1133\" data-end=\"1194\">Preserves <strong data-start=\"1143\" data-end=\"1167\">corrosion resistance<\/strong> when properly processed.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1196\" data-end=\"1199\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1201\" data-end=\"1223\"><strong data-start=\"1205\" data-end=\"1223\">4. Limitations<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1511\"><li data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1331\"><p data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1331\">Surface scaling may occur at high temperatures, requiring <strong data-start=\"1284\" data-end=\"1312\">descaling or passivation<\/strong> post-processing.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1431\"><p data-start=\"1334\" data-end=\"1431\">Not intended for <strong data-start=\"1351\" data-end=\"1387\">strengthening via heat treatment<\/strong>, as 304 is austenitic and non-hardenable.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1432\" data-end=\"1511\"><p data-start=\"1434\" data-end=\"1511\">Requires <strong data-start=\"1443\" data-end=\"1491\">controlled temperature and deformation rates<\/strong> to avoid defects.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1513\" data-end=\"1516\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1518\" data-end=\"1541\"><strong data-start=\"1522\" data-end=\"1541\">5. Applications<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"1542\" data-end=\"1761\"><li data-start=\"1542\" data-end=\"1604\"><p data-start=\"1544\" data-end=\"1604\">Forged or rolled components requiring subsequent machining<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1648\"><p data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1648\">Industrial equipment, piping, and tanks<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1649\" data-end=\"1710\"><p data-start=\"1651\" data-end=\"1710\">Architectural and decorative elements with complex shapes<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1711\" data-end=\"1761\"><p data-start=\"1713\" data-end=\"1761\">Automotive and aerospace structural components<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1763\" data-end=\"1766\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1783\"><strong data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1783\">Summary<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1784\" data-end=\"2082\">304 stainless steel can be <strong data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"1837\">hot worked effectively<\/strong> to create complex and large parts. Hot working reduces work hardening, facilitates forming, and maintains corrosion resistance, making 304 ideal for <strong data-start=\"1987\" data-end=\"2044\">industrial, architectural, and household applications<\/strong> requiring durability and precision.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stainless Steel, Austenitic 304 Stainless Steel (S30400) The most versatile and widely used chromium-nickel (18\/8) austenitic stainless steel. Stainless steel types 1.4301 and 1.4307 are also known as grades 304 and 304L respectively. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel. It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 18\/8 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2594,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2593","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commercial-stainless-steel-alloys"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2593","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2593"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2593\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhss.org\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}