Thép không gỉ, loại austenit
317L Stainless Steel (S31703) Sheet & Plate
A lowcarbon, high molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with a higher nickel alloy content than 316L.
Alloy 317L (UNS S31703) is a low carbon corrosion resistant austenitic chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel. The high levels of these elements assure the alloy has superior chloride pitting and general corrosion resistance to the conventional 304/304L và 316/316L grades. The alloy provides improved resistance relative to 316L in strongly corrosive environments containing sulfurous media, chlorides, and other halides.
It can be used in applications where it is not possible to anneal after welding and where maximum corrosion resistance is required. It provides good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 1600 ° F and in continuous service to 1700 ° F.
This alloy combines excellent corrosion resistance with good tính chất cơ học, weldability, và formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical, petrochemical, and marine industries, as well as food processing and pharmaceutical equipment.
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317L Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| Hệ thống / Tiêu chuẩn | Quốc gia / Khu vực | Cấp bậc / Chức danh |
| AISI | Hoa Kỳ | 317L |
| UNS | Quốc tế | S31703 |
| EN / Số hiệu. | Châu Âu | 1.4438 |
| Tên (tiếng Anh) | Châu Âu | X2CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| ASTM A240 | Hoa Kỳ | 317L (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | Hoa Kỳ | 317L (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | Hoa Kỳ | TP317L (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | Hoa Kỳ | TP317L (seamless pipe) |
| Anh | Trung Quốc | 022Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| JIS | Nhật Bản | SUS317L |
| BS | Vương quốc Anh | 317S12 |
| AFNOR | Pháp | Z2CND19-15-04 |
Thuộc tính
Thành phần hóa học
S31703 Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Nguyên tố hóa học | Quà tặng % |
| Cacbon (C) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Crom (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Niken (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Mangan (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Phốt pho (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Lưu huỳnh (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Silic (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Molypden (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Nitơ (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Sắt (Fe) | Cân bằng |
Tính chất cơ học
Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Tính chất cơ học | Giá trị |
| Áp suất giới hạn | 205 MPa |
| Độ bền kéo | 515 MPa |
| Độ giãn dài tại 50 mm | 40 phút 1 bàn thắng, 3 pha kiến tạo |
Applications of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel cùng với khả năng chống ăn mòn tuyệt vời, particularly in aggressive chemical and chloride-containing environments. Its combination of durability, weldability, and resistance to chemical attack makes it suitable for a wide range of applications.
1. Ngành công nghiệp hóa chất và hóa dầu
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, fittings, and pumps in chemical processes
2. Marine and Seawater Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks and piping for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial and Mechanical Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in corrosive environments
Structural components in aggressive atmospheres
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its low-carbon content ensures excellent weldability, making it ideal for fabricated components and complex assemblies.
Characteristics of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel designed for superior corrosion resistance and excellent performance in aggressive environments. It is widely used in industries requiring durability, chemical resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
Cao molybdenum content enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack, particularly in chloride or acidic environments.
Performs better than 316L in oxidizing and aggressive chemical media.
2. Austenitic Structure
Cung cấp excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains good mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Low Carbon Content
Minimizes the risk of quá trình nhạy cảm hóa trong quá trình hàn.
Ensures resistance to sự ăn mòn giữa các hạt even after heat exposure.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Tuyệt vời weldability using standard methods such as TIG, MIG, and SMAW.
Can be easily formed into sheets, pipes, or complex components.
5. Mechanical Properties
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Duy trì structural integrity under both static and dynamic loads.
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, excellent weldability, good formability, and reliable mechanical properties. Nó low carbon and high molybdenum content make it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, especially where resistance to chlorides and acids is critical.
Thông tin bổ sung
Sản xuất
Fabrication of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using standard industrial techniques including forming, welding, and machining.
1. Tạo hình
Gia công nguội:
317L exhibits good ductility, making it suitable for bending, deep drawing, rolling, and stamping.
Work hardening occurs, so intermediate ủ may be required for extensive forming.
Gia công nóng:
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening and improve ductility.
Typical hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
2. Welding
Excellent weldability using TIG, MIG, SMAW, and FCAW methods.
Low carbon content minimizes quá trình nhạy cảm hóa and reduces risk of sự ăn mòn giữa các hạt.
Filler metals such as ER317L hoặc ER316L are commonly used to ensure corrosion resistance in welded joints.
3. Gia công
Moderate machinability due to the austenitic structure.
Work hardens easily; sharp tools and rigid setups are recommended.
Carbide tools and proper cutting fluids improve tool life and surface finish.
4. Post-Fabrication Treatments
Annealing: Restores ductility and relieves stresses after heavy cold working.
Pickling and Passivation: Recommended to remove scale and restore optimal corrosion resistance after welding or hot forming.
5. Applications Related to Fabrication
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components and seawater piping
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel is highly fabricable, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its low carbon content ensures excellent weldability and corrosion resistance, making it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Khả năng hàn
Weldability of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel cùng với khả năng hàn tuyệt vời, making it suitable for fabricating corrosion-resistant components in aggressive environments.
1. Khả năng hàn nói chung
Can be welded using all standard fusion welding techniques:
TIG (GTAW)
MIG (GMAW)
SMAW (Hàn hồ quang kim loại có lớp bảo vệ)
FCAW (Hàn hồ quang lõi thuốc)
Welds maintain good toughness, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength.
2. Low Carbon Advantage
The low carbon content minimizes quá trình nhạy cảm hóa, preventing sự ăn mòn giữa các hạt in welded zones.
Unlike higher carbon stainless steels, 317L does not require special post-weld heat treatment for corrosion resistance in most applications.
3. Khuyến nghị về vật liệu hàn
Các loại kim loại hàn phù hợp bao gồm:
ER317L (matching high-molybdenum, low-carbon composition)
ER316L (for less aggressive environments)
Filler selection ensures consistent khả năng chống ăn mòn và các tính chất cơ học in the weld.
4. Nguồn nhiệt và khâu chuẩn bị
Nên sử dụng nhiệt độ vừa phải để tránh hạt nở quá mức.
Clean joint surfaces free of oil, grease, or oxide scale ensure better weld quality.
Preheating is typically không bắt buộc.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Quá trình ủ sau hàn thường là unnecessary unless the component is heavily stressed or exposed to very aggressive environments.
Ngâm axit hoặc xử lý thụ động is recommended to restore the chromium oxide layer after welding.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Thiết bị hóa chất và hóa dầu
Marine piping and structural components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel exhibits khả năng hàn tuyệt vời due to its low carbon content and austenitic structure. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce strong, corrosion-resistant joints, making 317L ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Khả năng gia công
Machinability of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel. Nó cung cấp khả năng gia công ở mức trung bình, similar to other austenitic stainless steels, but certain characteristics require careful attention during machining.
1. Work Hardening
317L has a high tendency to làm cứng, especially during light cuts or repeated passes.
To reduce work hardening:
Sử dụng sharp, rigid tooling
Avoid shallow or interrupted cuts
Employ adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Khuyến nghị về dụng cụ
Dụng cụ cacbua are preferred for efficient cutting and long tool life.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used for lower-speed operations.
Rigid fixturing minimizes vibration and improves surface finish.
3. Cutting Conditions
Sử dụng moderate to low cutting speeds to avoid heat buildup.
Bảo trì adequate feed and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow improves tool life and chip evacuation.
4. Chip Formation
Sản xuất long, ductile chips due to its austenitic structure.
Use chip breakers or controlled cutting techniques to manage chips effectively.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and lubrication.
Avoid overheating, which can degrade the surface layer and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Các bộ phận chính xác trong chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners in aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and industrial machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel exhibits khả năng gia công ở mức trung bình with a high work-hardening tendency. Proper tooling, cutting speeds, and coolant use are essential for effective machining. Its machinability combined with khả năng chống ăn mòn tuyệt vời makes it suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Khả năng chống ăn mòn
Corrosion Resistance of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel that provides khả năng chống ăn mòn tuyệt vời in aggressive environments, particularly where chlorides or oxidizing acids are present. Its corrosion resistance is superior to that of 316L due to the higher molybdenum content.
1. Khả năng chống ăn mòn nói chung
Chống lại quá trình oxy hóa và general atmospheric corrosion.
Hoạt động tốt trong moderate chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Suitable for outdoor applications and industrial environments.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to sự ăn mòn dạng lỗ rỗ và ăn mòn khe hở.
Particularly effective in chloride-containing environments, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316L in marine and chemical processing applications.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes quá trình nhạy cảm hóa trong quá trình hàn.
Giữ được khả năng chống lại intergranular corrosion (IGC) in welded components.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Hoạt động tốt trong oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Excellent choice for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping handling aggressive fluids.
5. Hạn chế
Like other austenitic stainless steels, 317L can be susceptible to:
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions
Localized attack in highly acidic or strongly reducing environments
6. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến khả năng chống ăn mòn
Thiết bị hóa chất và hóa dầu
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, with superior performance in chloride-rich and oxidizing environments due to its high molybdenum content and low carbon. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability khiến nó trở thành lựa chọn lý tưởng cho chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Gia công nguội
Cold Working of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel that exhibits good ductility and formability, making it suitable for a variety of cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through quá trình làm cứng while retaining corrosion resistance.
1. Các quy trình xử lý cảm lạnh thông thường
Uốn và tạo hình: Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Cuộn: Suitable for sheets, strips, and coils.
Ép sâu: Can produce containers, trays, and intricate components.
Dập và đục lỗ: Used in chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Tăng cường sức bền
317L work hardens rapidly, increasing tensile and yield strength during deformation.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Quá trình ủ trung gian is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Các yếu tố cần lưu ý trong quá trình gia công
Sử dụng sự biến dạng dần dần to avoid cracking or overstressing the material.
Proper tooling, lubrication, and support are essential for maintaining surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Các bộ phận được gia công nguội có thể cần giảm căng thẳng dành cho các ứng dụng quan trọng.
4. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến gia công nguội
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel exhibits đặc tính gia công nguội tuyệt vời, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining khả năng chống ăn mòn, making 317L ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Xử lý nhiệt
Heat Treatment of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel. Its strength is primarily derived from its austenitic structure and work hardening, so it is not hardenable by conventional heat treatment methods. Heat treatment is mainly used for annealing, stress relief, and restoring ductility after cold working or welding.
1. Ủ
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and improve corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Nhiệt độ trung bình: 1040–1120°C (1900–2050°F).
Phương pháp làm mát: Rapid cooling, typically in air or water, to maintain corrosion resistance.
2. Giảm căng thẳng
Applied to reduce internal stresses from forming, welding, or machining.
Phạm vi nhiệt độ: 450–650°C (840–1200°F).
Ensures dimensional stability and reduces risk of distortion or cracking.
3. Effects of Heat Treatment
Restores ductility and toughness in heavily cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
Có không làm tăng đáng kể độ bền, as 317L is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Post-Treatment Surface Finishing
Pickling or passivation may be applied after heat treatment to remove oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer for optimal corrosion resistance.
5. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến xử lý nhiệt
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers and reactors requiring dimensional stability
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to high temperatures
Tóm tắt
Heat treatment of 317L stainless steel is used primarily for ủ và xả ứng suất, duy trì độ dẻo, khả năng chống ăn mòn và độ ổn định kích thước. It ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, especially after fabrication or welding.
Khả năng chịu nhiệt
Heat Resistance of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its chemical composition allows it to maintain corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity in moderately high-temperature applications.
1. Nhiệt độ hoạt động liên tục
Phù hợp với continuous service up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) trong môi trường oxy hóa.
Maintains mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Tiếp xúc gián đoạn
Có thể chịu được short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) mà không bị biến dạng đáng kể hay bị oxy hóa.
Suitable for components exposed to chu kỳ nhiệt hoặc nhiệt độ cao biến động.
3. Khả năng chống oxy hóa
Tạo thành một cấu trúc vững chắc lớp oxit crôm that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack during high-temperature exposure.
4. Hạn chế
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
Có thể dễ bị crevice or stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến khả năng chịu nhiệt
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
High-temperature piping and tanks
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel provides khả năng chịu nhiệt tốt for continuous service up to 870°C và tiếp xúc không liên tục lên đến 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability makes it suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Gia công nóng
Hot Working of 317L Stainless Steel
317L stainless steel là một low-carbon, high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel with good hot workability. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical integrity.
1. Nhiệt độ làm việc nóng
Recommended hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
Proper temperature control prevents sự phát triển của hạt and preserves corrosion resistance and strength.
2. Các quy trình gia công nóng
Cán nóng: Produces sheets, plates, and strips with uniform thickness.
Rèn: Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Đùn: Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Ép nóng và tạo hình: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Ưu điểm của gia công nóng
Giảm quá trình làm cứng so với gia công nguội.
Cải thiện độ dẻo và độ bền trong thành phần hoàn thiện.
Giúp thuận lợi hóa việc sản xuất large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Các biện pháp xử lý sau gia công nhiệt
Ủ có thể được áp dụng để khôi phục các tính chất cơ học đồng nhất và giải phóng ứng suất dư.
Ngâm axit hoặc xử lý thụ động improves surface corrosion resistance after hot working.
5. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến gia công nóng
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Tóm tắt
317L stainless steel exhibits đặc tính gia công nóng tuyệt vời, cho phép thực hiện các quy trình cán, rèn, đùn và gia công định hình phức tạp tại 1150–900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
