Rostfreier Stahl, austenitisch
317 Stainless Steel (S31700) Sheet & Plate
A modified version of Type 316 stainless steel with high strength and corrosion resistance.
Type 317 is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance; Its high Molybdenum content enhances the grade’s superior pitting resistance. It was designed to be a higher strength alternative to the 316 grades.
Composed of larger amounts of chromium, nickel and molybdenum, alloy 317 also is more corrosion resistant compared to 316, and tougher than Type 304. This is the due to the high percentage of iron in its composition, which is much higher than many stainless steels.
This combination of iron with the chromium-nickel-molybdenum content yields a strong alloy.
It combines good mechanical properties, excellent weldability, and formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical processing, marine environments, and industrial equipment where resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack is essential.
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317 Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| System / Standard | Land / Region | Besoldungsgruppe/Bezeichnung |
| AISI | USA | 317 |
| UNS | International | S31700 |
| DE / W.Nr. | Europa | 1.4449 |
| EN Name (EN 10088) | Europa | X5CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| ASTM A240 | USA | 317 (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | USA | 317 (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | USA | TP317 (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | USA | TP317 (seamless pipe) |
| GB | China | 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| JIS | Japan | SUS317 |
| BS | UK | 317S16 |
| AFNOR | Frankreich | Z10CND19-15-04 |
Eigenschaften
Chemische Zusammensetzung
S31700 Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Chemisches Element | % Geschenk |
| Kohlenstoff (C) | 0.00 - 0.08 |
| Chrom (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Mangan (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Phosphor (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Schwefel (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Silizium (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Molybdän (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Stickstoff (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Eisen (Fe) | Bilanz |
Mechanische Eigenschaften
ASTM A240
| Mechanische Eigenschaften | Wert |
| Nachweis von Stress | 205 Min MPa |
| Zugfestigkeit | 515 Min MPa |
| Dehnung A50 mm | 35 Min % |
Applications of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel mit high molybdenum content, offering enhanced corrosion resistance, especially in chemical, chloride, and oxidizing environments. It is widely used in applications that require durability, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Chemische und Petrochemische Industrie
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, pumps, and fittings in chemical processes
2. Marine Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks, piping, and reactors for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in aggressive environments
Structural components in chemical or industrial settings
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its austenitic structure, weldability, and durability make it ideal for critical components exposed to harsh environments.
Characteristics of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel mit enhanced corrosion resistance, mainly due to its high molybdenum content. It is widely used in environments that are more aggressive than those suitable for 316 stainless steel.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
High molybdenum content improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, insbesondere in chloride-containing environments.
Gut geeignet für oxidizing acids and moderately aggressive chemical solutions.
2. Austenitic Structure
Provides excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Mechanical Properties
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Kann widerstehen stress and load in industrial applications without deformation.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Can be easily welded using TIG, MIG, and SMAW methods.
Low risk of Sensibilisierung due to controlled carbon content.
Suitable for forming into sheets, plates, piping, and complex components.
5. Applications Related to Characteristics
Chemical processing equipment
Marine equipment exposed to seawater
Pharmaceutical and food processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and industrial piping
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, excellent ductility, and reliable weldability. Seine high molybdenum content makes it particularly suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where aggressive environments are present.
Zusätzliche Informationen
Fabrikation
Fabrication of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel bekannt für seine ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using conventional techniques, including forming, welding, and machining, making it suitable for industrial, chemical, and marine applications.
1. Bildung von
Kaltbearbeitung:
Suitable for bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping.
Work hardens moderately; Zwischenglühen is recommended for extensive forming.
Heißes Arbeiten:
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening.
Typical hot working range: 1150-900°C (2100-1650°F).
2. Schweißen
Can be welded using standard techniques: TIG, MIG, SMAW, and FCAW.
Filler metals such as ER317 or ER317L are recommended for maintaining corrosion resistance in welded joints.
Low risk of sensitization due to controlled carbon content, minimizing interkristalline Korrosion.
3. Bearbeitung
Moderate machinability; work hardens during machining.
Verwenden Sie scharfe Hartmetallwerkzeuge, adequate feed, and proper coolant for optimal results.
Suitable for making piping, fittings, fasteners, and other precision components.
4. Behandlungen nach der Fertigstellung
Glühen: Restores ductility and relieves residual stresses after cold working or welding.
Pickling and Passivation: Removes scale and restores the protective chromium oxide layer to optimize corrosion resistance.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Fabrikation
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping systems, and industrial structural parts
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel is highly fabricable, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and weldability make it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Schweißeignung
Weldability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel mit ausgezeichnete Schweißbarkeit, making it suitable for applications where corrosion-resistant welded components are required.
1. Allgemeine Schweißeignung
Kann geschweißt werden mit all standard fusion welding techniques, including:
WIG (GTAW)
MIG (GMAW)
SMAW (Metall-Schutzgasschweißen)
FCAW (Lichtbogenschweißen mit Füllung)
Welded joints maintain good corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and toughness.
2. Low Carbon Content
Minimiert Sensibilisierung beim Schweißen.
Reduces the risk of interkristalline Korrosion, especially in welded zones.
Post-weld heat treatment is usually Nicht erforderlich for maintaining corrosion resistance.
3. Filler Metal Recommendations
Commonly used filler metals:
ER317 or ER317L for matching corrosion resistance and mechanical properties
ER316L for less aggressive environments
Ensures consistent performance of welded joints.
4. Heat Input and Preparation
Moderate heat input is recommended to avoid excessive grain growth.
Ensure joint surfaces are clean, free of oil, grease, or oxide scale.
Preheating is generally not necessary.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Beizen oder Passivieren can be applied to restore the chromium oxide layer and optimize corrosion resistance.
Stress relief may be performed if the component is heavily stressed or exposed to high temperatures.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Chemical processing tanks and piping
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Lebensmittel- und pharmazeutische Verarbeitungsanlagen
Heat exchangers, reactors, and industrial vessels
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel exhibits ausgezeichnete Schweißbarkeit due to its austenitic structure and high molybdenum content. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce starke, korrosionsbeständige Verbindungen, making 317 ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Bearbeitbarkeit
Machinability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides mäßige Bearbeitbarkeit, similar to other austenitic stainless steels. Its combination of corrosion resistance and work-hardening characteristics requires careful machining practices.
1. Arbeitsverhärtung
317 stainless steel Arbeit härtet schnell, besonders bei leichten Schnitten oder unterbrochenen Schnitten.
To minimize work hardening:
Verwenden Sie sharp, rigid tools
Avoid shallow cuts or repeated passes
Employ adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Empfehlungen für die Werkzeugausstattung
Hartmetall-Werkzeuge are preferred for longer tool life and efficient cutting.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used at lower cutting speeds.
Sicherstellen starre Aufhängung to reduce vibration and improve surface finish.
3. Schnittbedingungen
Verwenden Sie moderate to low cutting speeds to prevent overheating.
Maintain proper feed rate and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow helps with chip evacuation and tool cooling.
4. Chip-Bildung
Erzeugt lange, dehnbare Späne due to its austenitic structure.
Verwenden Sie Spanbrecher oder kontrollierte Schneidetechniken Chips effektiv zu verwalten.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and coolant.
Overheating during machining can degrade surface quality and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Precision components in chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners for aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel exhibits mäßige Bearbeitbarkeit with a high work-hardening tendency. Using proper tooling, cutting speeds, and lubrication ensures efficient machining and excellent surface finish. Its combination of machinability and superior corrosion resistance macht es geeignet für chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Korrosionsbeständigkeit
Corrosion Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit, particularly in aggressive environments containing chlorides, oxidizing acids, or other chemical media. Its higher molybdenum content compared to 316 stainless steel enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack.
1. Allgemeine Korrosionsbeständigkeit
Widersteht oxidation and general atmospheric corrosion.
Gut geeignet für moderately aggressive chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Geeignet für industrial and outdoor applications.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to lokalisierte Korrosion.
Particularly effective in chloridhaltige Umgebungen, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316 stainless steel in highly aggressive chemical or marine environments.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes the risk of Sensibilisierung beim Schweißen.
Maintains resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in welded or heat-treated components.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Gut geeignet für oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Ideal for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping exposed to aggressive fluids.
5. Einschränkungen
Susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions under high tensile stress.
May experience localized attack in strongly reducing or highly acidic environments.
6. Applications Related to Corrosion Resistance
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, besonders in chloride-rich and oxidizing environments, thanks to its high molybdenum content. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability macht es ideal für chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Kaltbearbeitung
Cold Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel mit good ductility and formability, making it suitable for various cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through Kaltverfestigung while maintaining corrosion resistance.
1. Gemeinsame Kaltverarbeitungsprozesse
Biegen und Umformen: Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Rollend: Produziert Bleche, Bänder und Coils.
Deep Drawing: Allows production of containers, trays, and intricate components.
Stamping and Punching: Suitable for chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Arbeitsverhärtung
317 stainless steel Arbeit härtet schnell, und erhöht die Zugfestigkeit und die Streckgrenze während der Verformung.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Zwischenglühen is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Erwägungen zur Fabrikation
Anwenden allmähliche Verformung um Risse oder eine Überbeanspruchung des Materials zu vermeiden.
Use proper tooling, lubrication, and support to maintain surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Kaltverformte Komponenten erfordern möglicherweise Stressabbau for critical applications.
4. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Kaltumformung
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel exhibits excellent cold working characteristics, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining Korrosionsbeständigkeit, making it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Wärmebehandlung
Heat Treatment of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel. Like other austenitic stainless steels, it is nicht härtbar durch konventionelle Wärmebehandlung. Wärmebehandlung wird hauptsächlich verwendet, um restore ductility, relieve stresses, and optimize corrosion resistance after fabrication or cold working.
1. Annealing
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and enhance corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Annealing temperature: 1040-1120°C (1900-2050°F)
Kühlung: Rapid cooling in air or water to maintain corrosion resistance and prevent sensitization.
2. Stressabbau
Applied to reduce residual stresses from cold working, welding, or machining.
Temperaturbereich: 450-650°C (840-1200°F)
Helps improve Formbeständigkeit and reduces the risk of stress-related cracking.
3. Auswirkungen der Wärmebehandlung
Restores ductility and toughness in cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
Hat not increase strength significantly, as 317 is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Oberflächenbehandlung nach dem Erhitzen
Beizen oder Passivieren may be applied after heat treatment to remove scale or oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Wärmebehandlung
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers, reactors, and high-temperature equipment
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to heat
Zusammenfassung
Heat treatment of 317 stainless steel is mainly for annealing and stress relief, Beibehaltung ductility, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability. This ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, particularly after fabrication or welding.
Hitzebeständigkeit
Heat Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its composition allows it to maintain mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance in moderately high-temperature environments.
1. Kontinuierliche Betriebstemperatur
Geeignet für continuous use up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) in oxidierenden Atmosphären.
Unterhält mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Intermittierende Exposition
Kann widerstehen short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) without significant scaling or oxidation.
Geeignet für Komponenten, die folgenden Bedingungen ausgesetzt sind Temperaturwechselbeanspruchung oder schwankende hohe Temperaturen.
3. Oxidationsbeständigkeit
Bildet einen stabilen Chromoxidschicht that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack during high-temperature exposure.
4. Beschränkungen
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
Susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Hitzebeständigkeit
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
Hochtemperatur-Rohrleitungen und -Tanks
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel provides gute Hitzebeständigkeit for continuous service up to 870°C und intermittierende Exposition bis zu 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability macht es geeignet für chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Heißarbeit
Hot Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good hot workability. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties.
1. Hot Working Temperature
Recommended hot working range: 1150-900°C (2100-1650°F).
Proper temperature control prevents Kornwachstum and preserves corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity.
2. Warmarbeitsprozesse
Warmwalzen: Produziert Bleche, Platten und Streifen mit gleichmäßiger Dicke.
Schmieden: Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Strangpressen: Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Hot Pressing and Forming: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Vorteile der Warmumformung
Reduziert Kaltverfestigung im Vergleich zur Kaltbearbeitung.
Verbessert Duktilität und Zähigkeit in the finished component.
Facilitates production of large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Behandlungen nach der Warmarbeit
Glühen may be applied to restore uniform mechanical properties and relieve residual stresses.
Beizen oder Passivieren verbessert die Oberflächenkorrosionsbeständigkeit nach der Warmumformung.
5. Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Warmarbeit
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Zusammenfassung
317 stainless steel exhibits hervorragende Heißverarbeitungseigenschaften, allowing rolling, forging, extrusion, and complex forming at 1150-900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
