Acero inoxidable, austenítico
317 Stainless Steel (S31700) Sheet & Plate
A modified version of Type 316 stainless steel with high strength and corrosion resistance.
Type 317 is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance; Its high Molybdenum content enhances the grade’s superior pitting resistance. It was designed to be a higher strength alternative to the 316 grades.
Composed of larger amounts of chromium, nickel and molybdenum, alloy 317 also is more corrosion resistant compared to 316, and tougher than Type 304. This is the due to the high percentage of iron in its composition, which is much higher than many stainless steels.
This combination of iron with the chromium-nickel-molybdenum content yields a strong alloy.
It combines good mechanical properties, excellent weldability, and formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical processing, marine environments, and industrial equipment where resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack is essential.
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317 Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| Sistema / Estándar | País / Región | Grado / Designación |
| AISI | EE.UU. | 317 |
| UNS | Internacional | S31700 |
| ES / W.Nr. | Europa | 1.4449 |
| ES Nombre (EN 10088) | Europa | X5CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| ASTM A240 | EE.UU. | 317 (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | EE.UU. | 317 (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | EE.UU. | TP317 (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | EE.UU. | TP317 (seamless pipe) |
| GB | China | 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| JIS | Japón | SUS317 |
| BS | Reino Unido | 317S16 |
| AFNOR | Francia | Z10CND19-15-04 |
Propiedades
Composición química
S31700 Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Elemento químico | % Presente |
| Carbono (C) | 0.00 - 0.08 |
| Cromo (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Níquel (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Manganeso (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Fósforo (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Azufre (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Silicio (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Molibdeno (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Nitrógeno (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Hierro (Fe) | Equilibrio |
Propiedades mecánicas
ASTM A240
| Propiedad mecánica | Valor |
| Prueba Estrés | 205 MPa |
| Resistencia a la tracción | 515 MPa |
| Alargamiento A50 mm | 35 Min % |
Applications of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un acero inoxidable austenítico con high molybdenum content, offering enhanced corrosion resistance, especially in chemical, chloride, and oxidizing environments. It is widely used in applications that require durability, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, pumps, and fittings in chemical processes
2. Marine Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks, piping, and reactors for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in aggressive environments
Structural components in chemical or industrial settings
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Resumen
317 stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its austenitic structure, weldability, and durability hazlo ideal para critical components exposed to harsh environments.
Characteristics of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un acero inoxidable austenítico con enhanced corrosion resistance, mainly due to its high molybdenum content. It is widely used in environments that are more aggressive than those suitable for 316 stainless steel.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
High molybdenum content improves resistance to corrosión por picaduras y grietas, particularmente en chloride-containing environments.
Rinde bien en oxidizing acids and moderately aggressive chemical solutions.
2. Austenitic Structure
Provides excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Propiedades Mecánicas
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Aguantar stress and load in industrial applications without deformation.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Can be easily welded using TIG, MIG, and SMAW methods.
Low risk of sensibilización due to controlled carbon content.
Suitable for forming into sheets, plates, piping, and complex components.
5. Applications Related to Characteristics
Chemical processing equipment
Marine equipment exposed to seawater
Pharmaceutical and food processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and industrial piping
Resumen
317 stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, excellent ductility, and reliable weldability. Su high molybdenum content makes it particularly suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where aggressive environments are present.
Información adicional
Fabricación
Fabrication of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel conocida por su excelente resistencia a la corrosión and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using conventional techniques, including forming, welding, and machining, making it suitable for industrial, chemical, and marine applications.
1. Formando
Trabajo en frío:
Suitable for bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping.
Work hardens moderately; recocido intermedio is recommended for extensive forming.
Trabajo en caliente:
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening.
Typical hot working range: 1150–900 °C (2100–1650 °F).
2. Soldadura
Can be welded using standard techniques: TIG, MIG, SMAW, and FCAW.
Filler metals such as ER317 or ER317L are recommended for maintaining corrosion resistance in welded joints.
Low risk of sensitization due to controlled carbon content, minimizing corrosión intergranular.
3. Mecanizado
Moderate machinability; work hardens during machining.
Utilice herramientas afiladas de carburo, adequate feed, and proper coolant for optimal results.
Suitable for making piping, fittings, fasteners, and other precision components.
4. Tratamientos posteriores a la fabricación
Recocido: Restores ductility and relieves residual stresses after cold working or welding.
Pickling and Passivation: Removes scale and restores the protective chromium oxide layer to optimize corrosion resistance.
5. Aplicaciones relacionadas con la fabricación
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping systems, and industrial structural parts
Resumen
317 stainless steel is altamente fabricable, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and weldability hazlo ideal para chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Soldabilidad
Weldability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel con excellent weldability, making it suitable for applications where corrosion-resistant welded components are required.
1. Soldabilidad general
Se puede soldar usando all standard fusion welding techniques, including:
TIG (GTAW)
MIG (GMAW)
SMAW (Soldadura por arco con electrodo revestido)
Soldadura por arco con núcleo de fundente
Welded joints maintain good corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and toughness.
2. Low Carbon Content
Minimiza sensibilización during welding.
Reduces the risk of corrosión intergranular, especially in welded zones.
Post-weld heat treatment is usually not required for maintaining corrosion resistance.
3. Filler Metal Recommendations
Commonly used filler metals:
ER317 o ER317L for matching corrosion resistance and mechanical properties
ER316L for less aggressive environments
Ensures consistent performance of welded joints.
4. Heat Input and Preparation
Moderate heat input is recommended to avoid excessive grain growth.
Ensure joint surfaces are clean, free of oil, grease, or oxide scale.
Preheating is generally not necessary.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Decapado o pasivado can be applied to restore the chromium oxide layer and optimize corrosion resistance.
Stress relief may be performed if the component is heavily stressed or exposed to high temperatures.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Chemical processing tanks and piping
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing equipment
Heat exchangers, reactors, and industrial vessels
Resumen
317 stainless steel exhibits excellent weldability due to its austenitic structure and high molybdenum content. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce juntas resistentes a la corrosión y a la corrosión, making 317 ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Maquinabilidad
Machinability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides maquinabilidad moderada, similar to other austenitic stainless steels. Its combination of corrosion resistance and work-hardening characteristics requires careful machining practices.
1. Endurecimiento por trabaj
317 stainless steel el trabajo se endurece rápidamente, especialmente durante cortes ligeros o cortes interrumpidos.
To minimize work hardening:
Utilice sharp, rigid tools
Avoid shallow cuts or repeated passes
Employ adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Recomendaciones sobre herramientas
Herramientas de carburo are preferred for longer tool life and efficient cutting.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used at lower cutting speeds.
Asegúrese fijación rígida to reduce vibration and improve surface finish.
3. Condiciones de corte
Utilice moderate to low cutting speeds to prevent overheating.
Maintain proper feed rate and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow helps with evacuación de viruta and tool cooling.
4. Formación de viruta
Produce virutas largas y dúctiles due to its austenitic structure.
Utilice rompevirutas o técnicas de corte controlado para administrar las fichas de manera efectiva.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and coolant.
Overheating during machining can degrade surface quality and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Precision components in chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners for aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Resumen
317 stainless steel exhibits maquinabilidad moderada with a high work-hardening tendency. Using proper tooling, cutting speeds, and lubrication ensures efficient machining and excellent surface finish. Its combination of machinability and superior corrosion resistance lo hace adecuado para chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Resistencia a la corrosión
Corrosion Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides excelente resistencia a la corrosión, particularly in aggressive environments containing chlorides, oxidizing acids, or other chemical media. Its higher molybdenum content compared to 316 stainless steel enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack.
1. Resistencia general a la corrosión
Resiste oxidation and general atmospheric corrosion.
Rinde bien en moderately aggressive chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Adecuado para industrial and outdoor applications.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to localized corrosion.
Particularly effective in ambientes ricos en cloruro, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316 stainless steel in highly aggressive chemical or marine environments.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes the risk of sensibilización during welding.
Maintains resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in welded or heat-treated components.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Rinde bien en oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Ideal for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping exposed to aggressive fluids.
5. Limitations
Susceptible de stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions under high tensile stress.
May experience localized attack in strongly reducing or highly acidic environments.
6. Applications Related to Corrosion Resistance
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Resumen
317 stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, especialmente en chloride-rich and oxidizing environments, thanks to its high molybdenum content. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability lo hace ideal para chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Trabajo en frío
Cold Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel con good ductility and formability, making it suitable for various cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through endurecimiento del trabajo while maintaining corrosion resistance.
1. Procesos de Trabajo de Resfriado Común
Doblado y conformado: Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Rodando: Produce láminas, tiras y bobinas.
Deep Drawing: Allows production of containers, trays, and intricate components.
Stamping and Punching: Suitable for chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Endurecimiento del trabajo
317 stainless steel el trabajo se endurece rápidamente, aumentando la resistencia a la tracción y la fluencia durante la deformación.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Recocido intermedio is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Consideraciones sobre la fabricación
Aplicar deformación gradual para evitar que el material se agriete o se someta a una tensión excesiva.
Use proper tooling, lubrication, and support to maintain surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Los componentes trabajados en frío pueden requerir alivio del estrés for critical applications.
4. Aplicaciones relacionadas con el trabajo en frío
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Resumen
317 stainless steel exhibits excellent cold working characteristics, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining resistencia a la corrosión, lo que lo hace ideal para chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Tratamiento térmico
Heat Treatment of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel. Like other austenitic stainless steels, it is no endurecible por tratamiento térmico convencional. Heat treatment is primarily used to restore ductility, relieve stresses, and optimize corrosion resistance after fabrication or cold working.
1. Recocido
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and enhance corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Annealing temperature: 1040–1120 °C (1900–2050 °F)
Refrigeración: Rapid cooling in air or water to maintain corrosion resistance and prevent sensitization.
2. Alivio del estrés
Applied to reduce residual stresses from cold working, welding, or machining.
Rango de temperaturas: 450–650 °C (840–1200 °F)
Helps improve Estabilidad dimensional and reduces the risk of stress-related cracking.
3. Efectos del Tratamiento Térmico
Restores ductility and toughness in cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
¿Hace not increase strength significantly, as 317 is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Tratamiento superficial post-calentamiento
Decapado o pasivado may be applied after heat treatment to remove scale or oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer.
5. Aplicaciones relacionadas con el tratamiento térmico
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers, reactors, and high-temperature equipment
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to heat
Resumen
Heat treatment of 317 stainless steel is mainly for annealing and stress relief, manteniendo ductility, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability. This ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, particularly after fabrication or welding.
Resistencia al calor
Heat Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its composition allows it to maintain mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance in moderately high-temperature environments.
1. Temperatura de servicio continuo
Adecuado para continuous use up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) in oxidizing atmospheres.
Mantiene mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Exposición intermitente
Aguantar short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) without significant scaling or oxidation.
Adecuado para componentes expuestos a ciclaje térmico o temperaturas altas y fluctuantes.
3. Resistencia a la oxidación
Forma estable capa de óxido de cromo that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack during high-temperature exposure.
4. Limitaciones
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
Susceptible de agrietamiento por corrosión bajo tensión in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Aplicaciones Relacionadas con la Resistencia al Calor
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
Tuberías y tanques de alta temperatura
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Resumen
317 stainless steel provides good heat resistance for continuous service up to 870°C y exposición intermitente hasta 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability lo hace adecuado para chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Trabajo en caliente
Hot Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel es un austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good hot workability. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties.
1. Hot Working Temperature
Recommended hot working range: 1150–900 °C (2100–1650 °F).
Proper temperature control prevents crecimiento del grano and preserves corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity.
2. Procesos de trabajo en caliente
Laminación en caliente: Produce láminas, planchas y tiras con espesor uniforme.
Forja: Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Extrusión: Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Hot Pressing and Forming: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Ventajas del trabajo en caliente
Reduce endurecimiento del trabajo en comparación con el trabajo en frío.
Mejora ductilidad y tenacidad in the finished component.
Facilitates production of large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Tratamientos posteriores al trabajo en caliente
Recocido may be applied to restore uniform mechanical properties and relieve residual stresses.
Decapado o pasivado Mejora la resistencia a la corrosión superficial después del trabajo en caliente.
5. Aplicaciones relacionadas con el trabajo en caliente
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Resumen
317 stainless steel exhibits excelentes características de trabajo en caliente, allowing rolling, forging, extrusion, and complex forming at 1150–900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
