ເຫຼັກສະແຕນເລດ, ອໍສະເຕນິດ
316L Stainless Steel Bar & Tube Sheet
Low carbon chromium-nickel-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel.
316L, the low carbon version of 316 stainless steel, is immune to grain boundary carbide precipitation (sensitisation). This makes it suited to use in heavy gauge (over about 6mm) welded components.
Stainless steel types 1.4401 and 1.4404 are also known as grades 316 and 316L respectively. Grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance. 316 stainless steel contains an addition of molybdenum that gives it improved corrosion resistance. This is particularly apparent for pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments.The austenitic structure of 316 stainless steel gives excellent toughness, even at cryogenic temperatures.
Property data given in this document is typical for bar and section products covered by EN standards. ASTM, EN or other standards may cover all products sold. It is reasonable to expect specifications in these standards to be similar but not necessarily identical to those given in this datasheet.
Quarto Plate is hot rolled plate over 12mm thick that has not been coiled during production. CPP is continuously produced plate up to 12mm thick that has been coiled during rolling. Sheet is cold rolled.
ດາວໂຫຼດ PDF
ຂອບເຂດ
316L Bar & Tube
| ແບບຟອມຜະລິດຕະພັນ | ຂະໜາດອິມພີເຣຍລ | ຂະໜາດແມັດຕຣິກ |
| ແຖບກົມຮູບແຕ້ມສົດໃສ H9 | 1⁄8" - 1" | 3mm - 25mm |
| ແຖບກົມລວດລາຍລຽບ H9/H10 | 7⁄8" - 3" | 25mm - 75mm |
| Round Bar Peeeled K12/K16 | 3" - 16" | 80mm - 340mm |
| Hexagon Bar | 0.25" - 2.75" | - |
| Flat Bar - Hot Rolled | - | 20mm x 10mm - 100mm x 25mm |
| Flat Bar - Rolled Edge | - | 12mm x 3mm - 100mm x 12mm |
| Square Bar | - | 12mm x 12mm - 50mm x 50mm |
| Angle | - | 20 x 20 x 3mm - 100 x 100 x 10mm |
| Welded Ornamental Tube Mirror Polished 600 Grit | 1⁄2" - 4" | 30mm - 50mm |
| Welded Tube Satin polished 320 Grit | 1⁄2" - 2" | 16mm - 50mm |
| Hygienic Tube - Welded, annealed, polished BA, descaled | 3⁄4" - 4" (16swg) | - |
| Hygienic Tube - Welded, polished, descaled | 1" - 3" (1.5mm wall) | - |
316L Sheet
Polished sheet sizes are for mirror and super mirror finishes. Polished Sheet options available: 240 Silicon, 240 Grit and various coating including Fiber Optic Laser for one or two sides.
| ແບບຟອມຜະລິດຕະພັນ | Sheet Sizes | ຄວາມໜາ |
| Polished Sheet | 2000 x 1000 | 0.7mm - 3.0mm |
| Polished Sheet | 2500 x 1250 | 0.7mm - 6.0mm |
| Polished Sheet | 3000 x 1500 | 1.0mm - 6.0mm |
| Polished Sheet (Circle) | 2500 x 1250 | 0.7mm - 1.5mm |
| Sheet Cold Rolled | 2500 x 1250 | 4.0mm - 6.0mm |
| Sheet Cold Rolled | 3000 x 1500 | 4.0mm - 6.0mm |
| Sheet Cold Rolled | 4000 x 2000 | 2.0mm - 6.0mm |
| CPP Plate ID Finish | 2000 x 1000 | 3.0mm - 6.0mm |
| CPP Plate ID Finish | 2500 x 1250 | 3.0mm - 12.0mm |
| CPP Plate ID Finish | 3000 x 1500 | 3.0mm - 12.0mm |
| CPP Plate ID Finish | 4000 x 1500 | 10.0mm - 12.0mm |
| CPP Plate ID Finish | 4000 x 2000 | 2.0mm - 12.0mm |
| Quarto Plate ID Finish | - | 5" - 125" |
ກະລຸນາຮັບຊາບ
ຖ້າທ່ານບໍ່ເຫັນສິ່ງທີ່ທ່ານກຳລັງຊອກຫາ, ກະລຸນາຕິດຕໍ່ຫາທ່ານ ສູນບໍລິການທ້ອງຖິ່ນ ກັບຄວາມຕ້ອງການສະເພາະຂອງທ່ານ.
316L Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| ລະບົບ / ມາດຕະຖານ | ປະເທດ / ພາກພື້ນ | ຊັ້ນ / ຕຳແໜ່ງ |
| AISI | ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ | 316L |
| ສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ | ສາກົນ | S31603 |
| EN / W.Nr. | ເອີຣົບ | 1.4404 |
| ຊື່ EN | ເອີຣົບ | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 |
| ASTM A240 | ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ | 316L (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ | 316L (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ | TP316L (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ | TP316L (seamless pipe) |
| GB | ຈີນ | 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 |
| ຈີໄອເອສ | ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ | SUS316L |
| ບີເອສ | ອັງກິດ | 316S13 |
| AFNOR | ປະເທດຝຣັ່ງ | Z2CND17-12 |
ຊັບສິນ
ສ່ວນປະກອບທາງເຄມີ
361L Stainless Steel Steel
EN 10088-2
| ທາດເຄມີ | % ປັດຈຸບັນ |
| ຄາບອນ (C) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| ໂຄຣມຽມ (Cr) | 16.50 - 18.50 |
| ໂມລິບດີນຳ (ໂມ) | 2.00 - 2.50 |
| ຊິລິໂຄນ (Si) | 0.00 - 1.00 |
| ຟອສຟໍຣັດ (P) | 0.00 - 0.05 |
| ຊູນຟູຣິກ (S) | 0.00 - 0.02 |
| ນິກເກີນ (Ni) | 10.00 - 13.00 |
| ແມງການີສ (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| ໄນໂຕຣເຈນ (N) | 0.00 - 0.11 |
| ທາດເຫຼັກ (Fe) | ຍອດເງິນ |
ຄຸນສົມບັດທາງກົນຈັກ
Bar & Section Up to 160mm Dia/Thickness
EN 10088-3
| ຊັບສິນທາງກົນຈັກ | ມູນຄ່າ |
| ຫຼັກຖານຄວາມກົດດັນ | 200 Min MPa |
| ຄວາມຕ້ານທານແຮງດຶງ | 500 to 700 MPa |
| ການຍືດຕົວ A50 ມມ | 40 Min % |
| ຄວາມແຂງ Brinell | 215 Max HB |
Sheet Up to 8mm Thick
EN 10088-2
| ຊັບສິນທາງກົນຈັກ | ມູນຄ່າ |
| ຫຼັກຖານຄວາມກົດດັນ | 240 Min MPa |
| ຄວາມຕ້ານທານແຮງດຶງ | 530 to 680 MPa |
| ການຍືດຕົວ A50 ມມ | 40 Min % |
Plate From 8mm to 75mm Thick
EN 10088-2
| ຊັບສິນທາງກົນຈັກ | ມູນຄ່າ |
| ຫຼັກຖານຄວາມກົດດັນ | 220 Min MPa |
| ຄວາມຕ້ານທານແຮງດຶງ | 520 to 670 MPa |
| ການຍືດຕົວ A50 ມມ | 45 Min % |
ຄຸນສົມບັດທາງກາຍະພາບທົ່ວໄປ
| ຊັບສິນທາງກາຍະພາບ | ມູນຄ່າ |
| ຄວາມໜາແໜ້ນ | 8.0 g/cm³ |
| ຈຸດລະລາຍ | 1400 °C |
| ການຂະຫຍາຍຕົວທາງຄວາມຮ້ອນ | 15.9 x 10-6/K |
| ໂມດູນຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນ | 193 ເກຣດສະເລ່ຍ |
| ການນຳຄວາມຮ້ອນ | 16.3 W/m.K |
| ຄວາມຕ້ານທານໄຟຟ້າ | 0.74 x 10-6 Ω .m |
Applications of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel known for its excellent corrosion resistance, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນ chloride-rich environments. Its superior corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties make it ideal for demanding industrial and chemical applications.
1. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
Reactors, tanks, and piping handling corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and valves exposed to aggressive environments
Process equipment in acids, chlorides, and alkalis
2. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Food processing and handling equipment
Dairy and brewing equipment
Pharmaceutical and medical processing vessels
Hygienic piping systems and fittings
3. Marine and Coastal Applications
Boat and ship components exposed to seawater
Marine fasteners, valves, and pumps
Coastal architectural features and handrails
4. Architectural and Construction Applications
Exterior cladding and panels in corrosive or polluted environments
Structural components requiring durability and corrosion resistance
Roofing, wall panels, and decorative trim
5. Medical and Surgical Applications
Surgical instruments and implants
Sterile processing equipment
Equipment in environments requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
6. Other Industrial Applications
Springs, fasteners, and precision components
Chemical storage tanks and piping systems
Equipment for desalination and wastewater treatment
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel is widely used in applications where corrosion resistance, weldability, and hygienic performance are critical. Its low carbon content and molybdenum addition make it suitable for chemical, food, pharmaceutical, marine, and architectural applications, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນ chloride-rich or corrosive environments.
Characteristics of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel that offers excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good formability, making it suitable for demanding industrial and chemical environments.
1. ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ
ຄວາມຕ້ານທານທີ່ດີເລີດຕໍ່ກັບ general corrosion, especially in chloride-rich environments such as seawater or de-icing salts.
Low carbon content prevents ການເຮັດໃຫ້ຮູ້ສຶກໄວ ແລະ ການກັດກ່ອນລະຫວ່າງເມັດ in welded areas.
ທົນທານຕໍ່ oxidation and pitting in aggressive chemical environments.
2. Mechanical Properties
ດີ tensile strength and toughness, even at elevated or sub-zero temperatures.
Work-hardens moderately during cold forming, allowing enhanced strength when required.
Maintains good mechanical properties in welded and cold-worked conditions.
3. Fabrication and Formability
ດີເລີດ cold and hot formability for a wide range of components.
Can be easily rolled, bent, drawn, and stamped.
Low carbon content ensures corrosion resistance is maintained after forming and welding.
4. Weldability
Excellent weldability with common methods such as TIG (GTAW), MIG (GMAW), and resistance welding.
Post-weld annealing is usually unnecessary due to low carbon content, preventing chromium carbide precipitation.
5. Heat Resistance
ເໝາະສົມສຳລັບການບໍລິການຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງໃນ moderate high temperatures (~870°C / 1600°F).
Maintains corrosion resistance and mechanical properties under intermittent high-temperature exposure.
6. ລັກສະນະການນຳໃຊ້ປະໂຫຍດຈາກແອັບພລິເຄຊັນ
ອຸປະກອນເຄມີ ແລະ ປິໂຕເຄມີ
Food and pharmaceutical processing
Marine and coastal environments
Architectural structures and exterior cladding
Medical instruments and surgical devices
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel is distinguished by superior corrosion resistance, low carbon content, excellent weldability, and good mechanical performance. These characteristics make it ideal for applications in chloride-rich, chemical, marine, and hygienic environments, where durability, hygiene, and strength are critical.
ຂໍ້ມູນເພີ່ມເຕີມ
ຄວາມສາມາດໃນການເຊື່ອມ
Weldability of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel known for its ການເຊື່ອມທີ່ດີເລີດ. Its low carbon content minimizes ການຕົກຕະກອນໂຄຣມຽມຄາໄບດ໌, preventing intergranular corrosion in welded areas and making it ideal for critical applications.
1. Compatible Welding Processes
TIG (GTAW): Ideal for thin sections and precise welds
MIG (GMAW): Efficient for thicker sections and industrial production
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW): Suitable for field applications
ການເຊື່ອມໂລຫະຕ້ານທານ: Spot and seam welding for sheet and thin components
2. Low Carbon Benefits
Low carbon content (<0.03%) reduces the risk of ການເຮັດໃຫ້ຮູ້ສຶກໄວ in the heat-affected zone (HAZ).
ຮັກສາໄວ້ ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ in welded and post-welded components without the need for post-weld solution annealing.
3. ຄຳແນະນຳກ່ຽວກັບວັດສະດຸເຕີມ
Use matching fillers such as ER316L to maintain corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
Low-carbon fillers are preferred for critical applications or thick sections.
4. Heat Input and Distortion
ເຫຼັກສະແຕນເລດ Austenitic ມີ ການຂະຫຍາຍຕົວທາງຄວາມຮ້ອນສູງ, which may cause distortion.
Moderate heat input, careful sequencing, and proper fixturing minimize warping.
Intermittent tack welding can help maintain dimensional stability.
5. Post-Weld Treatment
Post-weld solution annealing is typically unnecessary due to the low carbon content.
Stress relief annealing may be applied in high-temperature service or where dimensional stability is critical.
6. Applications Leveraging Weldability
Chemical and pharmaceutical process equipment
Pressure vessels, tanks, and piping systems
ອຸປະກອນທາງທະເລ ແລະ ແຄມຝັ່ງທະເລ
Architectural cladding and structural assemblies
Medical and surgical equipment
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel offers ການເຊື່ອມທີ່ດີເລີດ thanks to its low carbon content and molybdenum alloying. It allows for strong, corrosion-resistant welded joints with minimal post-weld treatment, making it ideal for industrial, marine, chemical, and hygienic applications.
ການຜະລິດ
Fabrication of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel widely used in industries requiring corrosion resistance, strength, and formability. It can be fabricated using conventional metalworking processes with proper care to preserve its corrosion-resistant properties.
1. ການຂຶ້ນຮູບ
ການຂຶ້ນຮູບເຢັນ:
Excellent for bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping
Work hardens moderately; intermediate annealing may be needed for extensive forming
ການຂຶ້ນຮູບຮ້ອນ:
Can be performed at 1010–1175°C (1850–2150°F) for thick or complex parts
Produces uniform mechanical properties and reduces work hardening
2. ການຕັດ ແລະ ການຕັດ
Can be cut with saws, shears, laser, or waterjet
Sharp tools and proper feeds minimize work hardening and achieve clean edges
3. ເຄື່ອງຈັກ
Moderately difficult to machine due to toughness and work hardening
ເຄື່ອງມືຄາໄບດ໌ preferred for high-speed cutting
Use of coolants or cutting fluids helps control heat and tool wear
4. ການເຊື່ອມໂລຫະ
Excellent weldability with TIG, MIG, SMAW, or resistance welding
ER316L filler recommended for maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical properties
Post-weld annealing is generally ບໍ່ຈຳເປັນ, thanks to low carbon content
5. ການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນ
Increases strength through ການແຂງຕົວຂອງວຽກ
ວຽກງານເຢັນຢ່າງກວ້າງຂວາງອາດຈະຕ້ອງການ ການອົບແຫ້ງດ້ວຍສານລະລາຍ to restore ductility for further processing
6. ການສຳເລັດຮູບພື້ນຜິວ
Available in various finishes such as 2B (ໜ້າດິນເຄືອບ), BA (ຜ່ານການອົບແຫ້ງແບບສົດໆ), ແລະ ໜ້າດິນຂັດເງົາ
Cold working may require additional finishing for aesthetic or corrosion resistance purposes
7. ການນຳໃຊ້ຜະລິດຕະພັນທີ່ນຳໃຊ້ການຜະລິດ
Chemical, petrochemical, and food processing equipment
Pressure vessels, piping systems, and storage tanks
Marine and coastal structural components
Medical instruments and surgical equipment
Architectural panels and cladding
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel is ມີຄວາມຫຼາກຫຼາຍ ແລະ ງ່າຍຕໍ່ການຜະລິດ, offering excellent cold and hot formability, welding, and machining properties. Its low carbon content and molybdenum addition ensure that corrosion resistance is maintained throughout fabrication, making it ideal for industrial, marine, chemical, and hygienic applications.
ການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນ
Hot Working of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel ດ້ວຍ ການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນດີເລີດ, allowing it to be formed, rolled, or forged at elevated temperatures. Hot working reduces work hardening, improves ductility, and ensures uniform mechanical properties.
1. ອຸນຫະພູມເຮັດວຽກທີ່ແນະນຳໃຫ້ໃຊ້ຮ້ອນ
ຂອບເຂດປົກກະຕິ: 1010–1175°C (1850–2150°F)
ການເກີນຂອບເຂດນີ້ອາດຈະເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດ ການເຕີບໃຫຍ່ຂອງເມັດພືດ, ການຫຼຸດຜ່ອນຄວາມແຂງກະດ້າງ.
ການເຮັດວຽກຕໍ່າກວ່າຂອບເຂດນີ້ເພີ່ມຄວາມກົດດັນຂອງການໄຫຼ, ເພີ່ມຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການແຕກ.
2. ຂະບວນການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນທີ່ເໝາະສົມ
ມ້ວນຮ້ອນ: For sheets, plates, strips, and structural components
ການຕີເຫຼັກຮ້ອນ: For high-strength or complex-shaped parts
ການອັດຮ້ອນ: For rods, tubes, and profiles
ການກົດ/ການຂຶ້ນຮູບດ້ວຍຄວາມຮ້ອນ: For thick or large components that are difficult to cold-work
3. ຂໍ້ດີຂອງການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນ
ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນ ການແຂງຕົວຂອງວຽກ ເມື່ອທຽບກັບການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນ
ເສີມສ້າງ ຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນ ແລະ ຄວາມແຂງກະດ້າງ
ຜະລິດ ໂຄງສ້າງເມັດພືດທີ່ເປັນເອກະພາບ ແລະຄຸນສົມບັດທາງກົນຈັກ
Enables fabrication of large, thick, or complex components
4. ການປິ່ນປົວຫຼັງຈາກເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນ
ການອົບແຫ້ງ may be applied to relieve residual stresses and restore ductility.
ການດອງ ຫຼື ການເຮັດໃຫ້ຊຸ່ມ enhances surface corrosion resistance after hot working.
5. ຄໍາຮ້ອງສະຫມັກທີ່ນໍາໃຊ້ການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນ
ສ່ວນປະກອບເຄື່ອງຈັກອຸດສາຫະກຳ
ເຮືອ ແລະ ທໍ່ສານເຄມີ ແລະ ປິໂຕຣເຄມີ
Marine and coastal structural parts
Large sheets, plates, or complex forms requiring elevated-temperature shaping
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel demonstrates ການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນດີເລີດ, making it suitable for rolling, forging, extrusion, and forming at 1010–1175°C. ການເຮັດວຽກຮ້ອນປັບປຸງຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນ, ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນການເຮັດວຽກແຂງ, ແລະຮັບປະກັນຄຸນສົມບັດກົນຈັກທີ່ເປັນເອກະພາບໃນຂະນະທີ່ຮັກສາຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ, ເຮັດໃຫ້ມັນເຫມາະສົມສໍາລັບ industrial, chemical, marine, and structural applications.
ຄວາມຕ້ານທານຄວາມຮ້ອນ
Heat Resistance of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel ດ້ວຍ good high-temperature properties, suitable for moderate elevated-temperature service. Its low carbon content helps maintain corrosion resistance and structural integrity during prolonged heat exposure.
1. ອຸນຫະພູມການບໍລິການຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ
Suitable for continuous service in oxidizing atmospheres up to ~870°C (1600°F).
Prolonged exposure above this temperature can cause scaling and slight reduction in mechanical properties.
2. ການສຳຜັດກັບແສງເປັນໄລຍະໆ
ສາມາດທົນໄດ້ ການໃຫ້ຄວາມຮ້ອນເປັນໄລຍະໆສູງເຖິງ ~925°C (1700°F) without significant surface degradation.
Suitable for components exposed to occasional thermal cycles.
3. ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການຜຸພັງ
ປະກອບເປັນ ຊັ້ນປ້ອງກັນໂຄຣມຽມອອກໄຊ ໃນບັນຍາກາດອົກຊິໄດ.
Maintains corrosion resistance under moderate high-temperature conditions.
Not recommended for strongly oxidizing or sulfidizing environments at very high temperatures.
4. ຜົນກະທົບທາງຄວາມຮ້ອນຕໍ່ຄຸນສົມບັດທາງກົນຈັກ
Retains good ຄວາມແຮງດຶງ ແລະ ຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນ at moderate temperatures.
Cold-worked material may lose some work-hardening effects after prolonged heat exposure.
Grain growth may occur if exposed to excessive heat without proper solution treatment.
5. ຄໍາຮ້ອງສະຫມັກທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບຄວາມຕ້ານທານຄວາມຮ້ອນ
Heat exchangers, boiler components, and furnace parts
Tanks and piping in moderate high-temperature environments
Food, chemical, and pharmaceutical processing equipment
Welded assemblies operating under elevated temperatures
6. ການປຽບທຽບກັບເກຣດ Austenitic ອື່ນໆ
ຄວາມຕ້ານທານຄວາມຮ້ອນແມ່ນຕໍ່າກວ່າເລັກນ້ອຍ 321 or 347 stainless steels for long-term high-temperature service.
316L is preferred where corrosion resistance, especially against chlorides, and weldability are more critical than extreme high-temperature strength.
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel provides good heat resistance, suitable for continuous service up to ~870°C and intermittent exposure up to ~925°C. Its low carbon content preserves corrosion resistance and minimizes sensitization, making it ideal for welded assemblies and moderately high-temperature industrial, chemical, and marine applications.
ຄວາມສາມາດໃນການປຸງແຕ່ງ
Machinability of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel ນັ້ນແມ່ນ moderately difficult to machine due to its toughness, work-hardening tendency, and low thermal conductivity. Proper tooling, cutting parameters, and lubrication are essential to achieve efficient machining and high-quality surfaces.
1. ພຶດຕິກຳທີ່ເນັ້ນການເຮັດວຽກໜັກ
316L exhibits significant work hardening ໃນລະຫວ່າງການຕັດ.
ພື້ນຜິວທີ່ແຂງຂຶ້ນຈະເພີ່ມແຮງຕັດ ແລະ ເລັ່ງການສວມໃສ່ຂອງເຄື່ອງມື.
Smooth, continuous cutting helps reduce work-hardening effects.
2. ຄໍາແນະນໍາກ່ຽວກັບເຄື່ອງມື
ເຄື່ອງມືຄາໄບດ໌ are preferred for high-speed and heavy-duty machining.
ເຄື່ອງມືເຫຼັກກ້າຄວາມໄວສູງ (HSS) can be used at lower speeds for light or medium operations.
ເຄື່ອງມືທີ່ມີ ມຸມກວາດບວກ ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນແຮງຕັດ ແລະ ປັບປຸງພື້ນຜິວໃຫ້ສວຍງາມ.
3. ຄວາມໄວໃນການຕັດ ແລະ ອັດຕາປ້ອນ
Slower cutting speeds compared to carbon steel are recommended.
Moderate to heavy feeds maintain continuous chip flow and prevent local work-hardening.
ຫຼີກລ່ຽງການຢືນຢູ່ ຫຼື ຢຸດຢູ່ເທິງຊິ້ນວຽກເພື່ອປ້ອງກັນຈຸດແຂງ.
4. ການເຮັດຄວາມເຢັນ ແລະ ການຫລໍ່ລື່ນ
ສາເຫດຂອງການນຳຄວາມຮ້ອນຕໍ່າ ການສະສົມຄວາມຮ້ອນຢູ່ບໍລິເວນຕັດ.
ໃຊ້ ນ້ຳຢາຫຼໍ່ເຢັນ ຫຼື ນ້ຳຢາຕັດ ເພື່ອຫຼຸດຜ່ອນຄວາມຮ້ອນ, ຍືດອາຍຸການໃຊ້ງານຂອງເຄື່ອງມື, ແລະ ປັບປຸງຄວາມສຳເລັດຂອງພື້ນຜິວ.
High-pressure lubrication can help evacuate chips efficiently.
5. ການສ້າງຊິບ
ຊິບແມ່ນ tough and stringy, which may complicate removal.
Use chip breakers or special inserts to manage chips effectively during machining.
6. ການສຳເລັດຮູບພື້ນຜິວ
ສາມາດເຮັດໄດ້ດ້ວຍເຄື່ອງມືແຫຼມຄົມ, ການປ້ອນທີ່ເໝາະສົມ ແລະ ການເຮັດໃຫ້ເຢັນພຽງພໍ.
Work-hardening areas may require ການຜ່ານເຂົ້າເສັ້ນໄຊ ເພື່ອບັນລຸຄຸນນະພາບພື້ນຜິວທີ່ຕ້ອງການ.
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel has ຄວາມສາມາດໃນການປຸງແຕ່ງປານກາງ, requiring careful selection of tools, speeds, feeds, and cooling methods to counteract work-hardening and heat buildup. When properly managed, high-quality surfaces and dimensional accuracy are achievable, making 316L suitable for chemical, food, pharmaceutical, marine, and industrial applications.
ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ
Corrosion Resistance of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance in a wide range of aggressive environments. Its low carbon content helps prevent ການຕົກຕະກອນໂຄຣມຽມຄາໄບດ໌, maintaining corrosion resistance in welded and heat-affected areas.
1. ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນທົ່ວໄປ
Highly resistant to oxidation and general corrosion in atmospheric, industrial, and mildly corrosive environments.
ເໝາະສົມສຳລັບ food, chemical, and pharmaceutical applications where hygiene and durability are important.
2. Chloride and Pitting Resistance
Superior resistance to chloride-induced pitting and crevice corrosion compared to 304 and 304L stainless steels.
ເໝາະສຳລັບ marine environments, coastal structures, and chemical processing.
Less resistant than higher molybdenum grades like 317L, but sufficient for most industrial and marine applications.
3. Resistance to Intergranular Corrosion
Low carbon content (<0.03%) prevents ການຕົກຕະກອນໂຄຣມຽມຄາໄບດ໌ during welding.
Minimizes ການເຮັດໃຫ້ຮູ້ສຶກໄວ and maintains corrosion resistance in welded or heat-affected zones.
Eliminates the need for post-weld solution annealing in most applications.
4. ການກັດກ່ອນໃນອຸນຫະພູມສູງ
ເໝາະສົມສຳລັບ moderate high-temperature service (continuous up to ~870°C / 1600°F).
Maintains corrosion resistance in oxidizing atmospheres.
Not recommended for strongly oxidizing or sulfidizing environments at very high temperatures.
5. ຄໍາຮ້ອງສະຫມັກທີ່ນໍາໃຊ້ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ
Chemical and petrochemical vessels, tanks, and piping
ອຸປະກອນປຸງແຕ່ງອາຫານ ແລະ ຢາ
Marine and coastal equipment and structures
Architectural cladding exposed to harsh environmental conditions
Medical and surgical equipment
6. ການປຽບທຽບກັບເກຣດ Austenitic ອື່ນໆ
Better pitting and chloride resistance than 304/304L
Slightly less resistant than 317L or duplex grades in extremely aggressive chloride environments
Excellent choice for welded assemblies and harsh environmental exposure
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel offers outstanding corrosion resistance, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນ chloride-rich, chemical, marine, and welded applications. ມັນ low carbon content and molybdenum addition ensure durability and reliability in harsh and hygienic environments, making it one of the most widely used austenitic stainless steels for industrial, marine, and food-processing applications.
ການປິ່ນປົວດ້ວຍຄວາມຮ້ອນ
Heat Treatment of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel ນັ້ນແມ່ນ ບໍ່ແຂງຕົວໂດຍການປະຕິບັດຄວາມຮ້ອນ. ການປິ່ນປົວດ້ວຍຄວາມຮ້ອນສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ແມ່ນໃຊ້ເພື່ອ restore ductility, relieve residual stresses, and maintain corrosion resistance, ແທນທີ່ຈະເພີ່ມຄວາມແຂງ.
1. ການອົບແຫ້ງດ້ວຍສານລະລາຍ
ຈຸດປະສົງ:
Restore ductility after cold working
Relieve residual stresses from forming or welding
Dissolve any chromium carbides formed in improper heating
ຂອບເຂດອຸນຫະພູມ: 1010–1120°C (1850–2050°F)
ການເຮັດໃຫ້ເຢັນ: ການດັບຄວາມຮ້ອນດ້ວຍອາກາດ ຫຼື ນ້ຳຢ່າງໄວວາເພື່ອຮັກສາໂຄງສ້າງແບບ austenitic ຢ່າງຄົບຖ້ວນ
ຜົນກະທົບ:
ສົ່ງຄືນຄຸນສົມບັດທາງກົນຈັກໃຫ້ກັບສະພາບທີ່ຖືກອົບແຫ້ງ
Preserves corrosion resistance due to low carbon content
2. ບັນເທົາຄວາມຕຶງຄຽດ
ຈຸດປະສົງ: ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນຄວາມກົດດັນທີ່ຍັງເຫຼືອຈາກການຂຶ້ນຮູບ, ການບິດງໍ ຫຼື ການເຊື່ອມໂລຫະ
ຂອບເຂດອຸນຫະພູມ: 450–650°C (840–1200°F)
ຜົນກະທົບ: ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນການບິດເບືອນ ແລະ ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນຄວາມສ່ຽງຂອງການແຕກຂອງຂີ້ຕົມທີ່ເກີດຈາກຄວາມກົດດັນໂດຍບໍ່ມີການປ່ຽນແປງຄຸນສົມບັດທາງກົນຈັກຢ່າງຫຼວງຫຼາຍ
3. ການພິຈາລະນາກ່ຽວກັບສະພາບການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນ
Cold working increases strength but decreases ductility.
ການໃຫ້ຄວາມຮ້ອນແກ່ສານລະລາຍລະດັບປານກາງ may be applied to restore formability for further fabrication steps.
4. ການຮັກສາຄວາມຮ້ອນຫຼັງການເຊື່ອມ
Generally not required for corrosion resistance due to low carbon content (<0.03%).
Stress relief annealing may be applied in high-temperature service or dimension-sensitive welded assemblies.
5. ຂໍ້ຈຳກັດ
Heat treatment does not significantly increase hardness; 316L relies on cold working for strengthening.
Prolonged exposure to temperatures above ~500°C may reduce cold work strengthening effects slightly.
ສະຫຼຸບ
Heat treatment of 316L stainless steel is primarily for stress relief, ductility restoration, and preservation of corrosion resistance. Solution annealing and controlled stress relief ensure optimal mechanical and chemical performance, making 316L ideal for welded, cold-worked, and moderately high-temperature applications.
ການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນ
Cold Working of 316L Stainless Steel
316L stainless steel is a low-carbon, molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel ດ້ວຍ ຄຸນສົມບັດການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນທີ່ດີເລີດ. ການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ ຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງແລະຄວາມແຂງ ຜ່ານການເຮັດວຽກແຂງໃນຂະນະທີ່ຮັກສາຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ ແລະ ຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນໄດ້ດີ.
1. ພຶດຕິກຳທີ່ເນັ້ນການເຮັດວຽກໜັກ
316L work-hardens significantly ໃນລະຫວ່າງການຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຄວາມເຢັນ.
ຄວາມແຂງແຮງ ແລະ ຄວາມແຂງເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນຫຼຸດລົງເມື່ອການຜິດຮູບເກີດຂຶ້ນ.
ການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນຫຼາຍເກີນໄປອາດຈະຕ້ອງໃຊ້ ການອົບແຫ້ງລະດັບປານກາງ ເພື່ອຟື້ນຟູຮູບຮ່າງ.
2. ຂະບວນການເຮັດວຽກກ່ຽວກັບຄວາມເຢັນທົ່ວໄປ
ມ້ວນ: ແຜ່ນ, ແຖບ ແລະ ແຜ່ນ
ຮູບແຕ້ມ: ທໍ່, ເຫຼັກ, ແລະ ສາຍໄຟ
ການບິດງໍ ແລະ ການຂຶ້ນຮູບ: ສ່ວນປະກອບໂຄງສ້າງ, ວົງເລັບ ແລະ ຄລິບ
ການປະທັບຕາ ແລະ ການແຕ້ມຮູບເລິກ: ຊິ້ນສ່ວນອຸດສາຫະກຳ ແລະ ການປຸງແຕ່ງອາຫານ
3. ການຄວບຄຸມຄຸນສົມບັດກົນຈັກ
ການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນຊ່ວຍໃຫ້ສາມາດປັບໄດ້ ຄວາມແຮງດຶງ, ຄວາມແຮງຂອງຜົນຜະລິດ, ແລະ ຄວາມແຂງ.
ວຽກງານເຢັນຢ່າງກວ້າງຂວາງອາດຈະຕ້ອງການ ການອົບແຫ້ງດ້ວຍສານລະລາຍ ເພື່ອຟື້ນຟູຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນສຳລັບການຜະລິດຕື່ມອີກ.
4. ຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ
Low carbon content (<0.03%) prevents ການຕົກຕະກອນໂຄຣມຽມຄາໄບດ໌, ຮັກສາຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນຫຼັງຈາກການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນ.
ທົນທານຕໍ່ ການກັດກ່ອນລະຫວ່າງເມັດ ໃນພື້ນທີ່ທີ່ເຊື່ອມຫຼືເຮັດວຽກໜັກ.
5. ການພິຈາລະນາຫຼັງການສ້າງ
ການໃຫ້ຄວາມຮ້ອນແກ່ສານລະລາຍສາມາດບັນເທົາຄວາມກົດດັນ ແລະ ຟື້ນຟູຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນໄດ້ ຖ້າມີການວາງແຜນຂັ້ນຕອນການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນຫຼາຍຂັ້ນຕອນ.
ການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນອາດຈະເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິເລັກນ້ອຍ ແມ່ເຫຼັກ ເນື່ອງຈາກການຫັນປ່ຽນ martensitic ເລັກນ້ອຍ, ໂດຍປົກກະຕິແລ້ວແມ່ນບໍ່ສຳຄັນ.
6. ການນຳໃຊ້ວຽກງານເຢັນ
ສະປິງ, ຄລິບ ແລະ ຕົວຍຶດ
ອົງປະກອບໂຄງສ້າງທີ່ຕ້ອງການຄວາມແຂງແຮງສູງກວ່າ
ທໍ່, ແທ່ງ, ແລະ ສາຍໄຟສຳລັບອຸປະກອນເຄມີ ແລະ ປຸງແຕ່ງອາຫານ
ສ່ວນປະກອບທີ່ສ້າງຂຶ້ນທີ່ຕ້ອງການຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ ແລະ ຄວາມແຂງແຮງ
ສະຫຼຸບ
316L stainless steel exhibits ລັກສະນະການເຮັດວຽກເຢັນທີ່ດີເລີດ, ຊ່ວຍໃຫ້ມີຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນຜ່ານການເຮັດວຽກແຂງໃນຂະນະທີ່ຮັກສາຄວາມຕ້ານທານການກັດກ່ອນ. ການຈັດການທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງຂອງການຜິດຮູບ ແລະ ການອົບອ່ອນລະດັບປານກາງຮັບປະກັນອົງປະກອບທີ່ມີຄຸນນະພາບສູງ ແລະ ທົນທານສຳລັບ ອຸດສາຫະກຳ, ເຄມີ, ການປຸງແຕ່ງອາຫານ, ທະເລ, ແລະ ການນຳໃຊ້ໂຄງສ້າງ.
