Thép không gỉ, loại austenit
317 Stainless Steel (S31700) Sheet & Plate
A modified version of Type 316 stainless steel with high strength and corrosion resistance.
Type 317 is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance; Its high Molybdenum content enhances the grade’s superior pitting resistance. It was designed to be a higher strength alternative to the 316 grades.
Composed of larger amounts of chromium, nickel and molybdenum, alloy 317 also is more corrosion resistant compared to 316, and tougher than Type 304. This is the due to the high percentage of iron in its composition, which is much higher than many stainless steels.
This combination of iron with the chromium-nickel-molybdenum content yields a strong alloy.
It combines good mechanical properties, excellent weldability, and formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical processing, marine environments, and industrial equipment where resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack is essential.
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317 Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| Hệ thống / Tiêu chuẩn | Quốc gia / Khu vực | Cấp bậc / Chức danh |
| AISI | Hoa Kỳ | 317 |
| UNS | Quốc tế | S31700 |
| EN / Số hiệu. | Châu Âu | 1.4449 |
| Tên tiếng Anh (EN 10088) | Châu Âu | X5CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| ASTM A240 | Hoa Kỳ | 317 (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | Hoa Kỳ | 317 (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | Hoa Kỳ | TP317 (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | Hoa Kỳ | TP317 (seamless pipe) |
| Anh | Trung Quốc | 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| JIS | Nhật Bản | SUS317 |
| BS | Vương quốc Anh | 317S16 |
| AFNOR | Pháp | Z10CND19-15-04 |
Thuộc tính
Thành phần hóa học
S31700 Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Nguyên tố hóa học | Quà tặng % |
| Cacbon (C) | 0.00 - 0.08 |
| Crom (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Niken (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Mangan (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Phốt pho (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Lưu huỳnh (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Silic (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Molypden (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Nitơ (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Sắt (Fe) | Cân bằng |
Tính chất cơ học
ASTM A240
| Tính chất cơ học | Giá trị |
| Áp suất giới hạn | 205 MPa |
| Độ bền kéo | 515 MPa |
| Độ giãn dài tại 50 mm | 35 Min % |
Applications of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một thép không gỉ austenit cùng với high molybdenum content, offering enhanced corrosion resistance, especially in chemical, chloride, and oxidizing environments. It is widely used in applications that require durability, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Ngành công nghiệp hóa chất và hóa dầu
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, pumps, and fittings in chemical processes
2. Marine Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks, piping, and reactors for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in aggressive environments
Structural components in chemical or industrial settings
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its austenitic structure, weldability, and durability make it ideal for critical components exposed to harsh environments.
Characteristics of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một thép không gỉ austenit cùng với khả năng chống ăn mòn được cải thiện, mainly due to its high molybdenum content. It is widely used in environments that are more aggressive than those suitable for 316 stainless steel.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
High molybdenum content improves resistance to sự ăn mòn dạng lỗ rỗ và ăn mòn khe hở, particularly in chloride-containing environments.
Hoạt động tốt trong oxidizing acids and moderately aggressive chemical solutions.
2. Austenitic Structure
Cung cấp excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Mechanical Properties
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Có thể chịu được stress and load in industrial applications without deformation.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Can be easily welded using TIG, MIG và SMAW methods.
Low risk of quá trình nhạy cảm hóa due to controlled carbon content.
Suitable for forming into sheets, plates, piping, and complex components.
5. Applications Related to Characteristics
Chemical processing equipment
Marine equipment exposed to seawater
Pharmaceutical and food processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and industrial piping
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, excellent ductility, and reliable weldability. Nó high molybdenum content makes it particularly suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where aggressive environments are present.
Thông tin bổ sung
Sản xuất
Fabrication of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel nổi tiếng với khả năng chống ăn mòn tuyệt vời and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using conventional techniques, including forming, welding, and machining, making it suitable for industrial, chemical, and marine applications.
1. Tạo hình
Gia công nguội:
Suitable for bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping.
Work hardens moderately; gia nhiệt trung gian is recommended for extensive forming.
Gia công nóng:
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening.
Typical hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
2. Welding
Can be welded using standard techniques: TIG, MIG, SMAW, and FCAW.
Filler metals such as ER317 or ER317L are recommended for maintaining corrosion resistance in welded joints.
Low risk of sensitization due to controlled carbon content, minimizing sự ăn mòn giữa các hạt.
3. Gia công
Moderate machinability; work hardens during machining.
Sử dụng sharp carbide tools, adequate feed, and proper coolant for optimal results.
Suitable for making piping, fittings, fasteners, and other precision components.
4. Post-Fabrication Treatments
Annealing: Restores ductility and relieves residual stresses after cold working or welding.
Pickling and Passivation: Removes scale and restores the protective chromium oxide layer to optimize corrosion resistance.
5. Applications Related to Fabrication
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping systems, and industrial structural parts
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel is highly fabricable, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and weldability make it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Khả năng hàn
Weldability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel cùng với khả năng hàn tuyệt vời, making it suitable for applications where corrosion-resistant welded components are required.
1. Khả năng hàn nói chung
Can be welded using all standard fusion welding techniques, including:
TIG (GTAW)
MIG (GMAW)
SMAW (Hàn hồ quang kim loại có lớp bảo vệ)
FCAW (Hàn hồ quang lõi thuốc)
Welded joints maintain good corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and toughness.
2. Low Carbon Content
Giảm thiểu quá trình nhạy cảm hóa trong quá trình hàn.
Giảm nguy cơ sự ăn mòn giữa các hạt, especially in welded zones.
Post-weld heat treatment is usually không bắt buộc for maintaining corrosion resistance.
3. Khuyến nghị về vật liệu hàn
Commonly used filler metals:
ER317 hoặc ER317L for matching corrosion resistance and mechanical properties
ER316L for less aggressive environments
Ensures consistent performance of welded joints.
4. Nguồn nhiệt và khâu chuẩn bị
Nên sử dụng nhiệt độ vừa phải để tránh hạt nở quá mức.
Ensure joint surfaces are clean, free of oil, grease, or oxide scale.
Preheating is generally not necessary.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Ngâm axit hoặc xử lý thụ động can be applied to restore the chromium oxide layer and optimize corrosion resistance.
Stress relief may be performed if the component is heavily stressed or exposed to high temperatures.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Chemical processing tanks and piping
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Thiết bị chế biến thực phẩm và dược phẩm
Heat exchangers, reactors, and industrial vessels
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel exhibits khả năng hàn tuyệt vời due to its austenitic structure and high molybdenum content. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce các mối nối chắc chắn, chống ăn mòn, making 317 ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Khả năng gia công
Machinability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides khả năng gia công ở mức trung bình, similar to other austenitic stainless steels. Its combination of corrosion resistance and work-hardening characteristics requires careful machining practices.
1. Work Hardening
317 stainless steel work hardens rapidly, especially during light cuts or interrupted cuts.
To minimize work hardening:
Sử dụng sharp, rigid tools
Avoid shallow cuts or repeated passes
Employ adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Khuyến nghị về dụng cụ
Dụng cụ cacbua are preferred for longer tool life and efficient cutting.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used at lower cutting speeds.
Ensure rigid fixturing to reduce vibration and improve surface finish.
3. Cutting Conditions
Sử dụng moderate to low cutting speeds to prevent overheating.
Maintain proper feed rate and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow helps with chip evacuation and tool cooling.
4. Chip Formation
Sản xuất long, ductile chips due to its austenitic structure.
Sử dụng chip breakers or controlled cutting techniques to manage chips effectively.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and coolant.
Overheating during machining can degrade surface quality and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Các bộ phận chính xác trong chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners for aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel exhibits khả năng gia công ở mức trung bình with a high work-hardening tendency. Using proper tooling, cutting speeds, and lubrication ensures efficient machining and excellent surface finish. Its combination of machinability and superior corrosion resistance makes it suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Khả năng chống ăn mòn
Corrosion Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides khả năng chống ăn mòn tuyệt vời, particularly in aggressive environments containing chlorides, oxidizing acids, or other chemical media. Its higher molybdenum content compared to 316 stainless steel enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack.
1. Khả năng chống ăn mòn nói chung
Chống lại oxidation and general atmospheric corrosion.
Hoạt động tốt trong moderately aggressive chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Phù hợp với industrial and outdoor applications.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to localized corrosion.
Particularly effective in môi trường giàu clorua, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316 stainless steel in highly aggressive chemical or marine environments.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes the risk of quá trình nhạy cảm hóa trong quá trình hàn.
Giữ được khả năng chống lại intergranular corrosion (IGC) in welded or heat-treated components.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Hoạt động tốt trong oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Ideal for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping exposed to aggressive fluids.
5. Hạn chế
Dễ bị stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions under high tensile stress.
May experience localized attack in strongly reducing or highly acidic environments.
6. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến khả năng chống ăn mòn
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, đặc biệt là ở chloride-rich and oxidizing environments, thanks to its high molybdenum content. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability khiến nó trở thành lựa chọn lý tưởng cho chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Gia công nguội
Cold Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel cùng với good ductility and formability, making it suitable for various cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through quá trình làm cứng đồng thời vẫn đảm bảo khả năng chống ăn mòn.
1. Các quy trình xử lý cảm lạnh thông thường
Uốn và tạo hình: Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Cuộn: Produces sheets, strips, and coils.
Ép sâu: Allows production of containers, trays, and intricate components.
Dập và đục lỗ: Suitable for chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Tăng cường sức bền
317 stainless steel work hardens rapidly, increasing tensile and yield strength during deformation.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Quá trình ủ trung gian is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Các yếu tố cần lưu ý trong quá trình gia công
Đăng ký sự biến dạng dần dần to avoid cracking or overstressing the material.
Use proper tooling, lubrication, and support to maintain surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Các bộ phận được gia công nguội có thể cần giảm căng thẳng dành cho các ứng dụng quan trọng.
4. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến gia công nguội
Chemical and petrochemical processing equipment
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel exhibits đặc tính gia công nguội tuyệt vời, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining khả năng chống ăn mòn, khiến nó trở thành lựa chọn lý tưởng cho chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Xử lý nhiệt
Heat Treatment of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel. Like other austenitic stainless steels, it is not hardenable by conventional heat treatment. Xử lý nhiệt chủ yếu được sử dụng để restore ductility, relieve stresses, and optimize corrosion resistance after fabrication or cold working.
1. Ủ
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and enhance corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Annealing temperature: 1040–1120°C (1900–2050°F)
Làm mát: Rapid cooling in air or water to maintain corrosion resistance and prevent sensitization.
2. Giảm căng thẳng
Applied to reduce residual stresses from cold working, welding, or machining.
Phạm vi nhiệt độ: 450–650°C (840–1200°F)
Helps improve độ ổn định kích thước and reduces the risk of stress-related cracking.
3. Effects of Heat Treatment
Restores ductility and toughness in cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
Có not increase strength significantly, as 317 is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Surface Treatment Post Heat
Ngâm axit hoặc xử lý thụ động may be applied after heat treatment to remove scale or oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer.
5. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến xử lý nhiệt
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers, reactors, and high-temperature equipment
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to heat
Tóm tắt
Heat treatment of 317 stainless steel is mainly for ủ và xả ứng suất, duy trì độ dẻo, khả năng chống ăn mòn và độ ổn định kích thước. This ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, particularly after fabrication or welding.
Khả năng chịu nhiệt
Heat Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its composition allows it to maintain mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance in moderately high-temperature environments.
1. Nhiệt độ hoạt động liên tục
Phù hợp với continuous use up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) trong môi trường oxy hóa.
Duy trì mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Tiếp xúc gián đoạn
Có thể chịu được short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) mà không bị biến dạng đáng kể hay bị oxy hóa.
Suitable for components exposed to chu kỳ nhiệt hoặc nhiệt độ cao biến động.
3. Khả năng chống oxy hóa
Tạo thành một cấu trúc vững chắc lớp oxit crôm that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack khi tiếp xúc với nhiệt độ cao.
4. Hạn chế
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
Dễ bị stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến khả năng chịu nhiệt
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
High-temperature piping and tanks
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel provides khả năng chịu nhiệt tốt for continuous service up to 870°C và tiếp xúc không liên tục lên đến 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability makes it suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Gia công nóng
Hot Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel là một austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good hot workability. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties.
1. Nhiệt độ làm việc nóng
Recommended hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
Proper temperature control prevents sự phát triển của hạt and preserves corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity.
2. Các quy trình gia công nóng
Cán nóng: Produces sheets, plates, and strips with uniform thickness.
Rèn: Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Đùn: Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Ép nóng và tạo hình: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Ưu điểm của gia công nóng
Giảm quá trình làm cứng so với gia công nguội.
Cải thiện độ dẻo và độ bền trong thành phần hoàn thiện.
Facilitates production of large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Các biện pháp xử lý sau gia công nhiệt
Ủ có thể được áp dụng để khôi phục các tính chất cơ học đồng nhất và giải phóng ứng suất dư.
Ngâm axit hoặc xử lý thụ động improves surface corrosion resistance after hot working.
5. Các ứng dụng liên quan đến gia công nóng
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Tóm tắt
317 stainless steel exhibits đặc tính gia công nóng tuyệt vời, cho phép thực hiện các quy trình cán, rèn, đùn và gia công định hình phức tạp tại 1150–900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
