Acier inoxydable, austénitique
317 Stainless Steel (S31700) Sheet & Plate
A modified version of Type 316 stainless steel with high strength and corrosion resistance.
Type 317 is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance; Its high Molybdenum content enhances the grade’s superior pitting resistance. It was designed to be a higher strength alternative to the 316 grades.
Composed of larger amounts of chromium, nickel and molybdenum, alloy 317 also is more corrosion resistant compared to 316, and tougher than Type 304. This is the due to the high percentage of iron in its composition, which is much higher than many stainless steels.
This combination of iron with the chromium-nickel-molybdenum content yields a strong alloy.
It combines good mechanical properties, excellent weldability, and formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical processing, marine environments, and industrial equipment where resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack is essential.
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317 Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| Système / Standard | Pays / Région | Grade / Désignation |
| AISI | ÉTATS-UNIS | 317 |
| Nations Unies | International | S31700 |
| FR / Numéro de dossier. | Europe | 1.4449 |
| EN Name (EN 10088) | Europe | X5CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| ASTM A240 | ÉTATS-UNIS | 317 (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ASTM A276 | ÉTATS-UNIS | 317 (bars, shapes) |
| ASTM A213 | ÉTATS-UNIS | TP317 (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | ÉTATS-UNIS | TP317 (seamless pipe) |
| RU | Chine | 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| ISJ | Japon | SUS317 |
| BS | Royaume-Uni | 317S16 |
| AFNOR | France | Z10CND19-15-04 |
Propriétés
Composition chimique
S31700 Sheet and Plate
ASTM A240
| Élément chimique | % Présent |
| Carbone (C) | 0.00 - 0.08 |
| Chrome (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Manganèse (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Phosphore (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Soufre (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Silicium (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Fer (Fe) | Équilibre |
Propriétés mécaniques
ASTM A240
| Propriété mécanique | Valeur |
| Limite d'élasticité conventionnelle | 205 MPa |
| La résistance à la traction | 515 MPa |
| Allongement A50 mm | 35 Min % |
Applications of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an acier inoxydable austénitique avec high molybdenum content, offering enhanced corrosion resistance, especially in chemical, chloride, and oxidizing environments. It is widely used in applications that require durability, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, pumps, and fittings in chemical processes
2. Marine Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks, piping, and reactors for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in aggressive environments
Structural components in chemical or industrial settings
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Résumé
317 stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its austenitic structure, weldability, and durability make it ideal for critical components exposed to harsh environments.
Characteristics of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an acier inoxydable austénitique avec enhanced corrosion resistance, mainly due to its high molybdenum content. It is widely used in environments that are more aggressive than those suitable for 316 stainless steel.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
High molybdenum content improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, notamment en chloride-containing environments.
Performe bien dans oxidizing acids and moderately aggressive chemical solutions.
2. Austenitic Structure
Provides excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Propriétés Mécaniques
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Can withstand stress and load in industrial applications without deformation.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Can be easily welded using TIG, MIG, and SMAW methods.
Low risk of sensibilisation due to controlled carbon content.
Suitable for forming into sheets, plates, piping, and complex components.
5. Applications liées aux caractéristiques
Chemical processing equipment
Marine equipment exposed to seawater
Pharmaceutical and food processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and industrial piping
Résumé
317 stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, excellent ductility, and reliable weldability. Son high molybdenum content makes it particularly suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where aggressive environments are present.
Informations supplémentaires
Fabrication
Fabrication of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel connu pour son excellente résistance à la corrosion and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using conventional techniques, including forming, welding, and machining, making it suitable for industrial, chemical, and marine applications.
1. Formation
Travail à froid :
Suitable for bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping.
Work hardens moderately; recuit intermédiaire is recommended for extensive forming.
Travail à chaud :
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening.
Plage de travail à chaud typique : 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
2. Soudage
Can be welded using standard techniques: TIG, MIG, SMAW et FCAW.
Filler metals such as ER317 or ER317L are recommended for maintaining corrosion resistance in welded joints.
Low risk of sensitization due to controlled carbon content, minimizing corrosion intergranulaire.
3. Usinage
Moderate machinability; work hardens during machining.
Utiliser outils en carbure tranchants, adequate feed, and proper coolant for optimal results.
Suitable for making piping, fittings, fasteners, and other precision components.
4. Traitements après fabrication
Recuit Restores ductility and relieves residual stresses after cold working or welding.
Pickling and Passivation: Removes scale and restores the protective chromium oxide layer to optimize corrosion resistance.
5. Applications liées à la fabrication
Équipements de traitement chimique et pétrochimique
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping systems, and industrial structural parts
Résumé
317 stainless steel is très fabricable, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and weldability make it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Soudabilité
Weldability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel avec excellente soudabilité, making it suitable for applications where corrosion-resistant welded components are required.
1. General Weldability
Can be welded using all standard fusion welding techniques, including:
TIG (GTAW)
MIG (GMAW)
SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)
Soudage à fil fourré
Welded joints maintain good corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and toughness.
2. Low Carbon Content
Minimizes sensibilisation during welding.
Reduces the risk of corrosion intergranulaire, especially in welded zones.
Post-weld heat treatment is usually pas requis for maintaining corrosion resistance.
3. Filler Metal Recommendations
Commonly used filler metals:
ER317 or ER317L for matching corrosion resistance and mechanical properties
ER316L for less aggressive environments
Ensures consistent performance of welded joints.
4. Heat Input and Preparation
Moderate heat input is recommended to avoid excessive grain growth.
Ensure joint surfaces are clean, free of oil, grease, or oxide scale.
Preheating is generally not necessary.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Picklage ou passivation can be applied to restore the chromium oxide layer and optimize corrosion resistance.
Stress relief may be performed if the component is heavily stressed or exposed to high temperatures.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Chemical processing tanks and piping
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing equipment
Heat exchangers, reactors, and industrial vessels
Résumé
317 stainless steel exhibits excellente soudabilité due to its austenitic structure and high molybdenum content. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce strong, corrosion-resistant joints, making 317 ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Usinabilité
Machinability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides usinabilité moyenne, similar to other austenitic stainless steels. Its combination of corrosion resistance and work-hardening characteristics requires careful machining practices.
1. Écrouissage
317 stainless steel le travail durcit rapidement, especially during light cuts or interrupted cuts.
To minimize work hardening:
Utiliser sharp, rigid tools
Avoid shallow cuts or repeated passes
Employ adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Recommandations d'outils
Outils en carbure are preferred for longer tool life and efficient cutting.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used at lower cutting speeds.
Ensure rigid fixturing to reduce vibration and improve surface finish.
3. Conditions de coupe
Utiliser moderate to low cutting speeds to prevent overheating.
Maintain proper feed rate and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow helps with chip evacuation and tool cooling.
4. Formation des copeaux
Produit copeaux longs et ductiles en raison de sa structure austénitique.
Utiliser chip breakers or controlled cutting techniques pour gérer efficacement les jetons.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and coolant.
Overheating during machining can degrade surface quality and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Precision components in chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners for aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Résumé
317 stainless steel exhibits usinabilité moyenne with a high work-hardening tendency. Using proper tooling, cutting speeds, and lubrication ensures efficient machining and excellent surface finish. Its combination of machinability and superior corrosion resistance le rend adapté à chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Résistance à la corrosion
Corrosion Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides excellente résistance à la corrosion, particularly in aggressive environments containing chlorides, oxidizing acids, or other chemical media. Its higher molybdenum content compared to 316 stainless steel enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack.
1. Résistance générale à la corrosion
Résiste oxidation and general atmospheric corrosion.
Performe bien dans moderately aggressive chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Convient à industrial and outdoor applications.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to localized corrosion.
Particularly effective in environnements riches en chlorures, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316 stainless steel in highly aggressive chemical or marine environments.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes the risk of sensibilisation during welding.
Maintains resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in welded or heat-treated components.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Performe bien dans oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Ideal for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping exposed to aggressive fluids.
5. Limites
Sous susceptible de stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions under high tensile stress.
May experience localized attack in strongly reducing or highly acidic environments.
6. Applications Related to Corrosion Resistance
Équipements de traitement chimique et pétrochimique
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Résumé
317 stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, notamment dans chloride-rich and oxidizing environments, thanks to its high molybdenum content. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability en fait, il est idéal pour chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Travail à froid
Cold Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel avec good ductility and formability, making it suitable for various cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through écrouissage while maintaining corrosion resistance.
1. Procédés de travail de base
Pliage et Formage : Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Roulement : Produces sheets, strips, and coils.
Deep Drawing: Allows production of containers, trays, and intricate components.
Stamping and Punching: Suitable for chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Durcissement par travail
317 stainless steel le travail durcit rapidement, increasing tensile and yield strength during deformation.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Recuit intermédiaire is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Considérations relatives à la fabrication
Appliquer déformation progressive pour éviter de fissurer ou de surmener le matériau.
Use proper tooling, lubrication, and support to maintain surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Les composants travaillés à froid peuvent nécessiter soulagement du stress for critical applications.
4. Applications liées à l'usinage à froid
Équipements de traitement chimique et pétrochimique
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Résumé
317 stainless steel exhibits excellent cold working characteristics, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining résistance à la corrosion, ce qui le rend idéal pour chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Traitement thermique
Heat Treatment of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel. Like other austenitic stainless steels, it is non trempable par traitement thermique conventionnel. Le traitement thermique est principalement utilisé pour restore ductility, relieve stresses, and optimize corrosion resistance after fabrication or cold working.
1. Annealing
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and enhance corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Annealing temperature: 1040–1120°C (1900–2050°F)
Refroidissement Rapid cooling in air or water to maintain corrosion resistance and prevent sensitization.
2. Gestion du stress
Applied to reduce residual stresses from cold working, welding, or machining.
Gamme de température : 450–650 °C (840–1200 °F)
Helps improve stabilité dimensionnelle and reduces the risk of stress-related cracking.
3. Effets du traitement thermique
Restores ductility and toughness in cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
Does not increase strength significantly, as 317 is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Surface Treatment Post Heat
Picklage ou passivation may be applied after heat treatment to remove scale or oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer.
5. Applications liées au traitement thermique
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers, reactors, and high-temperature equipment
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to heat
Résumé
Heat treatment of 317 stainless steel is mainly for annealing and stress relief, en maintenant ductility, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability. This ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, particularly after fabrication or welding.
Résistance à la chaleur
Heat Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its composition allows it to maintain mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance in moderately high-temperature environments.
1. Température de service continue
Convient à continuous use up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) dans des atmosphères oxydantes.
Maintient mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Exposition intermittente
Can withstand short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) without significant scaling or oxidation.
Suitable for components exposed to thermal cycling or fluctuating high temperatures.
3. Résistance à l'oxydation
Forme un stable couche d'oxyde de chrome that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack during high-temperature exposure.
4. Limites
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
Sous susceptible de stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Applications liées à la résistance à la chaleur
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
High-temperature piping and tanks
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Résumé
317 stainless steel provides good heat resistance for continuous service up to 870°C et une exposition intermittente jusqu'à 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability le rend adapté à chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Travail à chaud
Hot Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good travail à chaud. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties.
1. Hot Working Temperature
Recommended hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
Un contrôle adéquat de la température empêche croissance du grain and preserves corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity.
2. Procédés de travail à chaud
Laminage à chaud : Produit des tôles, des plaques et des bandes d'épaisseur uniforme.
Forgeage Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Extrusion : Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Hot Pressing and Forming: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Avantages du travail à chaud
Réduit écrouissage comparé à l'usinage à froid.
Améliore ductilité et ténacité in the finished component.
Facilitates production of large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Traitements post-forge
Recuit may be applied to restore uniform mechanical properties and relieve residual stresses.
Picklage ou passivation improves surface corrosion resistance after hot working.
5. Applications liées au travail à chaud
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Résumé
317 stainless steel exhibits excellentes caractéristiques de travail à chaud, allowing rolling, forging, extrusion, and complex forming at 1150–900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
