Нержавеющая сталь, аустенитная
317 Stainless Steel (S31700) Sheet & Plate
A modified version of Type 316 stainless steel with high strength and corrosion resistance.
Type 317 is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance; Its high Molybdenum content enhances the grade’s superior pitting resistance. It was designed to be a higher strength alternative to the 316 grades.
Composed of larger amounts of chromium, nickel and molybdenum, alloy 317 also is more corrosion resistant compared to 316, and tougher than Type 304. This is the due to the high percentage of iron in its composition, which is much higher than many stainless steels.
This combination of iron with the chromium-nickel-molybdenum content yields a strong alloy.
It combines good mechanical properties, excellent weldability, and formability, making it ideal for applications in chemical processing, marine environments, and industrial equipment where resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack is essential.
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317 Stainless Steel Related Specifications
| Система / Стандарт | Страна / регион | Звание / Должность |
| АИСИ | США | 317 |
| ООН | Международный | S31700 |
| RU / EN №. | Европа | 1.4449 |
| EN Name (EN 10088) | Европа | X5CrNiMo18-15-4 |
| АСТМ А240 | США | 317 (plate, sheet, strip) |
| ГОСТ А276 | США | 317 (bars, shapes) |
| АСТМ А213 | США | TP317 (boiler / HX tubes) |
| ASTM A312 | США | TP317 (seamless pipe) |
| Великобритания | Китай | 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 |
| ДЖИС | Япония | SUS317 |
| БС | Великобритания | 317S16 |
| АФНОР | Франция | Z10CND19-15-04 |
Свойства
Химический состав
S31700 Sheet and Plate
АСТМ А240
| Химический элемент | % Настоящее |
| Углерод (C) | 0.00 - 0.08 |
| Хром (Cr) | 18.00 - 20.00 |
| Никель (Ni) | 11.00 - 15.00 |
| Марганец (Mn) | 0.00 - 2.00 |
| Фосфор (P) | 0.00 - 0.04 |
| Сера (S) | 0.00 - 0.03 |
| Кремний (Si) | 0.00 - 0.75 |
| Молибден (Mo) | 3.00 - 4.00 |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.00 - 0.10 |
| Железо (Fe) | Баланс |
Механические свойства
АСТМ А240
| Механические свойства | Значение |
| Предел текучести | 205 Мн МПа |
| Предел прочности | 515 МПа |
| Удлинение A50 мм | 35 Min % |
Applications of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel с high molybdenum content, offering enhanced corrosion resistance, especially in chemical, chloride, and oxidizing environments. It is widely used in applications that require durability, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties.
1. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
Reactors, tanks, and vessels for corrosive chemicals
Heat exchangers and condensers
Piping systems handling acids and chlorides
Valves, pumps, and fittings in chemical processes
2. Marine Applications
Components exposed to seawater or brackish water
Marine piping and structural equipment
Desalination plant components
3. Food and Pharmaceutical Industry
Processing equipment requiring corrosion resistance and hygiene
Storage tanks, piping, and reactors for acidic or aggressive media
Heat exchangers, evaporators, and agitators
4. Industrial Applications
Fasteners, bolts, and screws in aggressive environments
Structural components in chemical or industrial settings
Components exposed to high humidity or saline conditions
Резюме
317 stainless steel is widely used in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where superior corrosion resistance, especially to chlorides and oxidizing acids, is essential. Its austenitic structure, weldability, and durability make it ideal for critical components exposed to harsh environments.
Characteristics of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel с enhanced corrosion resistance, mainly due to its high molybdenum content. It is widely used in environments that are more aggressive than those suitable for 316 stainless steel.
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
High molybdenum content improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, особенно в chloride-containing environments.
Хорошо работает в oxidizing acids and moderately aggressive chemical solutions.
2. Austenitic Structure
Provides excellent ductility, toughness, and formability.
Maintains mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures.
3. Механические свойства
Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
Can withstand stress and load in industrial applications without deformation.
4. Weldability and Fabrication
Can be easily welded using TIG, MIG, and SMAW methods.
Low risk of сенсибилизация due to controlled carbon content.
Suitable for forming into sheets, plates, piping, and complex components.
5. Приложения, связанные с характеристиками
Chemical processing equipment
Marine equipment exposed to seawater
Pharmaceutical and food processing machinery
Heat exchangers, tanks, and industrial piping
Резюме
317 stainless steel is characterized by high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, excellent ductility, and reliable weldability. Его high molybdenum content makes it particularly suitable for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where aggressive environments are present.
Дополнительная информация
Изготовление
Fabrication of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel известный своим превосходная коррозионная стойкость and good mechanical properties. It can be fabricated using conventional techniques, including forming, welding, and machining, making it suitable for industrial, chemical, and marine applications.
Формирование
Холодная обработка:
Suitable for bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping.
Work hardens moderately; intermediate annealing is recommended for extensive forming.
Горячая обработка:
Performed at elevated temperatures to reduce work hardening.
Typical hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
2. Сварка
Can be welded using standard techniques: ТИГ, МИГ, РДЗ, и ПЭГ.
Filler metals such as ER317 or ER317L are recommended for maintaining corrosion resistance in welded joints.
Low risk of sensitization due to controlled carbon content, minimizing межкристаллитная коррозия.
3. Механическая обработка
Moderate machinability; work hardens during machining.
Использовать острые твердосплавные инструменты, adequate feed, and proper coolant for optimal results.
Suitable for making piping, fittings, fasteners, and other precision components.
4. Послемонтажная обработка
Отжиг Restores ductility and relieves residual stresses after cold working or welding.
Pickling and Passivation: Removes scale and restores the protective chromium oxide layer to optimize corrosion resistance.
5. Приложения, связанные с производством
Оборудование для химической и нефтехимической промышленности
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping systems, and industrial structural parts
Резюме
317 stainless steel is легко изготавливаемый, supporting cold and hot forming, welding, and machining. Its high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and weldability make it ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Свариваемость
Weldability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel с отличная свариваемость, making it suitable for applications where corrosion-resistant welded components are required.
1. General Weldability
Can be welded using all standard fusion welding techniques, including:
ТИГ (ГТД)
МИГ (GMAW)
SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)
СВАО (Сварка самозащитной порошковой проволокой)
Welded joints maintain good corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and toughness.
2. Low Carbon Content
Minimizes сенсибилизация during welding.
Reduces the risk of межкристаллитная коррозия, especially in welded zones.
Post-weld heat treatment is usually не требуется for maintaining corrosion resistance.
3. Filler Metal Recommendations
Commonly used filler metals:
ER317 или ER317L for matching corrosion resistance and mechanical properties
ER316L for less aggressive environments
Ensures consistent performance of welded joints.
4. Heat Input and Preparation
Moderate heat input is recommended to avoid excessive grain growth.
Ensure joint surfaces are clean, free of oil, grease, or oxide scale.
Preheating is generally not necessary.
5. Post-Weld Considerations
Травление или пассивация can be applied to restore the chromium oxide layer and optimize corrosion resistance.
Stress relief may be performed if the component is heavily stressed or exposed to high temperatures.
6. Applications Related to Weldability
Chemical processing tanks and piping
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing equipment
Heat exchangers, reactors, and industrial vessels
Резюме
317 stainless steel exhibits отличная свариваемость due to its austenitic structure and high molybdenum content. Proper filler selection and controlled welding techniques produce strong, corrosion-resistant joints, making 317 ideal for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Обрабатываемость
Machinability of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides умеренная обрабатываемость, similar to other austenitic stainless steels. Its combination of corrosion resistance and work-hardening characteristics requires careful machining practices.
1. Наклеп
317 stainless steel Труд закаляет быстро, especially during light cuts or interrupted cuts.
To minimize work hardening:
Использовать sharp, rigid tools
Avoid shallow cuts or repeated passes
Employ adequate lubrication and coolant
2. Рекомендации по инструментарию
Твердосплавные инструменты are preferred for longer tool life and efficient cutting.
High-speed steel (HSS) tools can be used at lower cutting speeds.
Ensure rigid fixturing to reduce vibration and improve surface finish.
3. Режимы резания
Использовать moderate to low cutting speeds to prevent overheating.
Maintain proper feed rate and depth of cut to reduce tool rubbing.
Continuous coolant flow helps with удаление стружки and tool cooling.
4. Формирование стружки
Производит длинная, пластичная стружка благодаря своей аустенитной структуре.
Использовать chip breakers or controlled cutting techniques эффективно управлять фишками.
5. Surface Finish
Achievable with proper tooling and coolant.
Overheating during machining can degrade surface quality and reduce corrosion resistance.
6. Applications Related to Machining
Precision components in chemical and petrochemical equipment
Fittings, valves, and fasteners for aggressive environments
Piping, tanks, and machinery requiring corrosion-resistant parts
Резюме
317 stainless steel exhibits умеренная обрабатываемость with a high work-hardening tendency. Using proper tooling, cutting speeds, and lubrication ensures efficient machining and excellent surface finish. Its combination of machinability and superior corrosion resistance делает его подходящим для chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Устойчивость к коррозии
Corrosion Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel that provides превосходная коррозионная стойкость, particularly in aggressive environments containing chlorides, oxidizing acids, or other chemical media. Its higher molybdenum content compared to 316 stainless steel enhances resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and chemical attack.
1. General Corrosion Resistance
Сопротивляется oxidation and general atmospheric corrosion.
Хорошо работает в moderately aggressive chemical environments, including mild acids and alkaline solutions.
Подходит для industrial and outdoor applications.
2. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
High molybdenum content improves resistance to localized corrosion.
Particularly effective in хлоридоемкой среде, such as seawater or brine solutions.
Outperforms 316 stainless steel in highly aggressive chemical or marine environments.
3. Intergranular Corrosion Resistance
Low carbon content minimizes the risk of сенсибилизация during welding.
Maintains resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in welded or heat-treated components.
4. Resistance to Chemical Attack
Хорошо работает в oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
Provides moderate resistance to reducing acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid) under controlled conditions.
Ideal for chemical reactors, tanks, and piping exposed to aggressive fluids.
5. Limitations
Susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in hot chloride solutions under high tensile stress.
May experience localized attack in strongly reducing or highly acidic environments.
6. Applications Related to Corrosion Resistance
Оборудование для химической и нефтехимической промышленности
Marine and seawater-exposed components
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks
Резюме
317 stainless steel provides excellent overall corrosion resistance, особенно в chloride-rich and oxidizing environments, thanks to its high molybdenum content. Its combination of corrosion resistance, weldability, and formability делает его идеальным для chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Холодная обработка
Cold Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel с good ductility and formability, making it suitable for various cold working operations. Cold working increases strength through наклеп while maintaining corrosion resistance.
1. Распространенные рабочие процессы при простуде
Гибка и формовка Can be shaped into complex geometries for tanks, piping, and structural components.
Катание: Produces sheets, strips, and coils.
Deep Drawing: Allows production of containers, trays, and intricate components.
Stamping and Punching: Suitable for chemical, marine, and industrial applications.
2. Наклеп
317 stainless steel Труд закаляет быстро, increasing tensile and yield strength during deformation.
Excessive cold working can reduce ductility.
Intermediate annealing is recommended for extensive forming to restore ductility and relieve internal stresses.
3. Соображения по изготовлению
Применить постепенная деформация чтобы избежать трещин или чрезмерного напряжения материала.
Use proper tooling, lubrication, and support to maintain surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Детали, подвергнутые холодной обработке, могут требовать снятие стресса for critical applications.
4. Приложения, связанные с холодной обработкой
Оборудование для химической и нефтехимической промышленности
Marine components exposed to seawater
Food and pharmaceutical processing machinery
Tanks, piping, and structural parts requiring corrosion resistance
Резюме
317 stainless steel exhibits excellent cold working characteristics, allowing bending, rolling, deep drawing, and stamping. Cold working enhances strength while maintaining коррозионная стойкость, что делает его идеальным для chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Термообработка
Heat Treatment of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel. Like other austenitic stainless steels, it is не закаливается традиционной термообработкой. Термическая обработка в основном используется для restore ductility, relieve stresses, and optimize corrosion resistance after fabrication or cold working.
1. Annealing
Purpose: Restore ductility, relieve stresses, and enhance corrosion resistance after cold working or welding.
Annealing temperature: 1040–1120°C (1900–2050°F)
Охлаждение: Rapid cooling in air or water to maintain corrosion resistance and prevent sensitization.
2. Снятие стресса
Applied to reduce residual stresses from cold working, welding, or machining.
Диапазон температур: 450–650°C (840–1200°F)
Helps improve Размерная стабильность and reduces the risk of stress-related cracking.
3. Влияние термической обработки
Restores ductility and toughness in cold-worked areas.
Eliminates residual stresses from welding or fabrication.
Does not increase strength significantly, as 317 is not precipitation-hardenable.
4. Surface Treatment Post Heat
Травление или пассивация may be applied after heat treatment to remove scale or oxides and restore the protective chromium oxide layer.
5. Применение, связанное с термообработкой
Welded piping, tanks, and vessels in chemical processing
Heat exchangers, reactors, and high-temperature equipment
Marine and pharmaceutical equipment exposed to heat
Резюме
Heat treatment of 317 stainless steel is mainly for annealing and stress relief, поддерживая ductility, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability. This ensures reliable performance in chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, particularly after fabrication or welding.
Теплостойкость
Heat Resistance of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good resistance to oxidation and scaling at elevated temperatures. Its composition allows it to maintain mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance in moderately high-temperature environments.
1. Температура непрерывной эксплуатации
Подходит для continuous use up to approximately 870°C (1600°F) in oxidizing atmospheres.
Поддерживает mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under sustained heat exposure.
2. Прерывистое воздействие
Can withstand short-term or intermittent exposures up to 925°C (1700°F) without significant scaling or oxidation.
Suitable for components exposed to thermal cycling or fluctuating high temperatures.
3. Oxidation Resistance
Образует стабильное оксидная пленка хрома that protects against scaling and oxidation.
High molybdenum content enhances resistance to localized attack during high-temperature exposure.
4. Ограничения
Not suitable for prolonged service at extremely high temperatures (>925°C / 1700°F).
Susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride-containing environments.
5. Применение, связанное с жаростойкостью
Heat exchangers, boilers, and furnace components in chemical and petrochemical industries
High-temperature piping and tanks
Marine equipment exposed to elevated temperatures
Industrial equipment requiring moderate heat resistance combined with corrosion resistance
Резюме
317 stainless steel provides good heat resistance for continuous service up to 870°C и периодическое воздействие до 925°C, while maintaining corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity. Its combination of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and weldability делает его подходящим для chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
Горячая обработка
Hot Working of 317 Stainless Steel
317 stainless steel is an austenitic, high-molybdenum stainless steel with good hot workability. Hot working allows shaping and forming at elevated temperatures while minimizing work hardening and maintaining mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties.
1. Hot Working Temperature
Recommended hot working range: 1150–900°C (2100–1650°F).
Надлежащий контроль температуры предотвращает рост зерна and preserves corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity.
2. Горячая обработка
Горячая прокатка: Производит листы, плиты и полосы с равномерной толщиной.
Ковка Suitable for structural components and high-temperature parts.
Экструзия Enables production of rods, tubes, and profiles.
Hot Pressing and Forming: Useful for shaping complex geometries with minimal risk of cracking.
3. Преимущества горячей обработки
Уменьшает наклеп по сравнению с холодной обработкой.
Улучшает пластичность и вязкость in the finished component.
Facilitates production of large, thick, or complex parts.
4. Обработка после горячей деформации
Отжиг may be applied to restore uniform mechanical properties and relieve residual stresses.
Травление или пассивация improves surface corrosion resistance after hot working.
5. Приложения, связанные с горячей обработкой
Heat exchangers, furnace components, and high-temperature piping
Structural components for petrochemical and power generation equipment
Industrial parts requiring high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance
Резюме
317 stainless steel exhibits отличные характеристики при горячей обработке, allowing rolling, forging, extrusion, and complex forming at 1150–900°C. Hot working reduces work hardening, enhances ductility, and enables the production of parts for chemical, marine, pharmaceutical, and industrial high-temperature applications.
